Metalanguage

Question 1

Acronyms

Answer 1

Are words that evolve as the result of using the first letter of a series of words and pronouncing them as a whole new word

Question 2

Adjective phrase

Answer 2

A group of words functioning as an adjective in a sentence

Question 3

Adverb phrase

Answer 3

Consists of an adverb or words acting as adverbs within a sentence

Question 4

Affixation

Answer 4

The morphemes that we add to words either at the front or at the end

Question 5

Archaism

Answer 5

Words that are no longer used in everyday life

Question 6

Assimilation

Answer 6

When a sound changes to become more like a neighbouring sound

Question 7

Blends

Answer 7

Are words provided by using parts of two words to create a new one

Question 8

Borrowings

Answer 8

Taking words from other languages

Question 9

Bound morphemes

Answer 9

Cannot stand alone, must be attached to a free morpheme

Question 10

Clauses

Answer 10

Minimally consists of a subject and a verb

Question 11

Collocations

Answer 11

Are words within phrases so closely associated with one another that when we hear one we almost automatically provide another

Question 12

Communisation

Answer 12

Involves the development of common, everyday words from words that began life as proper nouns

Question 13

Fragments

Answer 13

Typically used in informal or causal written texts
E.g. potato cakes 3 for $1

Question 14

Simple

Answer 14

Contain a single moan clause
E.g. I bought three potato cakes

Question 15

Compound

Answer 15

Contain at least two main clauses joined together by a coordinating conjunction
E.g. I bought three potato cakes and Theo bought a burger with the lot

Question 16

Complex

Answer 16

Contain a simple main clause and one or more sub ordinate clauses. The main clause is dominant in the meaning of the sentence and the sub add extra meaning to the main.
E.g. I bought three potato cakes because I was hungry

Question 17

Paralinguistic features

Answer 17

Such as food, Qufu, choose body gestures, body languages, and I guess help convey meaning an emotion

Question 18

Code switching

Answer 18

When someone switches or incorporate an additional language in the speech. A matter of social and cultural background

Question 19

Openings and closings

Answer 19

Introduce the topic formulatic utterances, winding down comments before verbally signing off lead to new topic

Question 20

Overlapping speech

Answer 20

Done by accident, think someone is finished, waiting to add to the conversation, agreeing with them, echoing their thoughts contradict Intraject and take the floor

Question 21

Interrogative tags

Answer 21

Tags, we put at the end of a sentence, turn statement into a question, giving the floor over check. They are following affirmation or empathy from the listener.

Question 22

Adjacency pairs

Answer 22

Are adjacent turns in sporting discourse that relate to each other such as questions and answers or greetings and responses

Question 23

Discourse particles

Answer 23

All the little fillers, we insert in our speech for a particular purpose

Question 24

Non-fluency features

Answer 24

Are a natural part of speech, particularly when we are speaking on our feet spontaneously

Question 25

Pauses

Answer 25

Breathing, grammatical boundary, dramatic affect, hesitation

Question 26

Filled pauses

Answer 26

• um, ah, er
• repetition
• repair, false start

Question 27

Topic management

Answer 27

Controlling the topic of conversation, discourse, particles to introduce new topics, ask questions, minimal response, echo words from the same semantic field

Question 28

Turn taking

Answer 28

Taking the floor, holding the floor, passing the floor, respect, the implicit, cultural rules, and norms of that particular social context, explicit signals to indicate whose turn it is to speak

Question 29

Taking the floor

Answer 29

Signalling, interrupting, paralanguage, sticks, features, latch onto the end of sentences

Question 30

Holding the floor

Answer 30

Continuing intonation, rising intonation, conjunctions, filled pauses

Question 31

Passing the floor

Answer 31

Floor sharing, interrogative, discourse particles, falling or final internation, vocative, formulatic phrase

Question 32

Minimal responses

Answer 32

Little sounds or worse, show, encouragement, or support, laughter, echoing

Question 33

Cohesion and coherence

Answer 33

Planned speech, try to order thoughts, try to stay on topic, openings, and clothings to give structure to the discourse, we avoid repetition by using substitution, make cohesive links

Question 34

Semantic fields/ domains

Answer 34

When lexemes can be grouped with others that have interrelated meanings, they are set to belong to the same semantic field

Question 35

Semantic over-generalisation + inference

Answer 35

Draw an existing knowledge to fill gaps is called interference

Question 36

Etymology

Answer 36

Words and meanings change 

Question 37

Denotation

Answer 37

Is its literal meaning as it is defined in the dictionary

Question 38

Connotation

Answer 38

Refers to the additional emotional associations for values that attach themselves to the word overtired

Question 39

Broadening

Answer 39

A Lexeme widens it’s meaning

Question 40

Narrowing

Answer 40

The meaning of a Lexeme becomes limited

Question 41

Elevation

Answer 41

When a word takes on a more positive meaning that it once had

Question 42

Deterioration

Answer 42

When a lexeme takes on a more negative meaning

Question 43

Shift

Answer 43

When a Lexeme takes kn a new meaning and loses its original meaning

Question 44

Compound - complex sentences

Answer 44

Must have at least three courses in total with at least two main causes and at least one sub clause
- I bought three potato cakes and Theo bought a burger with the lot because we were both hungry

Question 45

Ellipses

Answer 45

Involves removing words or phrases from an utterance, close or sentence if they are employed or unnecessary

Question 46

Norminalistion

Answer 46

Occurs when a noun is created from a word from any other word class, particularly verbs