Metalanguage Flashcards
Active Voice
Follows a:
agent/ subject+verb+object
word order
Elision
omission or loss of a sound(s)
Addition/Insertion
sound segments appear where they previously didn’t
assimilation
Sounds change depending on the company they keep/ process where sounds become similar to neighbors
stem
a morpheme that can stand alone and represents the core meaning of a word
prefix
a morpheme attached to the front of a word
suffix
a morpheme that attaches to the end of a stem
free morpheme
a unit of meaning that can stand alone as a word
bound morpheme
a unit of meaning which must be attached to another morpheme to make a word
inflectional morpheme
morphemes that change the grammar pf a word (number, tense)
derivational morpheme
changes the meaning or word class of a word (-ing, -able)
open class word
readily accept new words
nouns, verbs, adjective, adverbs
closed class words
do not readily accept new words
(preposition, conjunction,
determiner, pronouns)
non-finite verb
infinitive or participle
finite verb
shows tense, person, number
independent clause
can stand alone as a sentence
subordinate/dependent clause
cannot stand alone
simple sentence
Is made up of a main clause
compound sentence
made up of 2 independent clauses which are joined by a coordinating conjunction or : , ;
complex sentence
made up of a independent clause with 1 or more subordinate clauses joined with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun (e.g who)
subject
the person or thing the sentences is about
predicate
what is written about or said about the subject
phrase
a group of related words
clause
a group of related words containing a subject and predicate
ellipses
deletion of grammatical items within a sentence
fragment
phrase or clause which is not a complete grammatical sentence but is treated as if it were
how to identify a dependent clause
subordinating conjuctions, relative clauses (who, that, which) and non-finite verbs
transative verb
takes a direct object (We are eating food)
Instransative verb
takes no object (My family are eating)
copular verb
joins a complement or an adjective to the subject of the sentence (I am the teacher)
passive voice
subject+auxilliary+’to be’+verb+agent
order
agentless passive
subject+auxilliary+verb
coordinating conjunction
FANBOYS
