Metacognition

Question 1

The term “metacognition” was coined by?

Answer 1

John Flavell

Question 2

Metacognitive knowledge divided into three categories

Answer 2

Person Variables
Strategy Variables
Task Variables

Question 3

It includes knowledge about the nature of the task as well as the type of processing demands that it will place upon the individual.

Answer 3

Task Variables

Question 4

It is about knowing what exactly needs to be accomplished, gauging its difficulty and knowing the kind of effort it will demand from you.

Answer 4

Task Variables

Question 5

It involves awareness of the strategy you are using to learn a topic and evaluating whether this strategy is effective.

Answer 5

Strategy Variables

Question 6

It involves awareness of the strategy you are using to learn a topic and evaluating whether this strategy is effective.

Answer 6

Strategy Variables

Question 7

The Terms like meta-attention and meta-memory are related to ?

Answer 7

Strategy Variables

Question 8

It is the awareness of specific strategies so that you can keep your attention focused on the topic or task at hand.

Answer 8

Meta-attention

Question 9

It is your awareness of memory strategies that work best for you.

Answer 9

Meta-memory

Question 10

Who are the researchers showed that metacognitive awareness was evident in preschoolers and in students as young as eight years old. Children already have the capacity to be more aware and reflective of their own learning. However, not many have been taught and encouraged to apply metacognition.

Answer 10

Fang and Cox

Question 11

It involves knowledge and skills which you and your students can learn and master.

Answer 11

Metacognition

Question 12

It involves knowledge and skills which you and your students can learn and master.

Answer 12

Metacognition

Question 13

This can be taught to younger students (primary grades). It is a metacognitive strategy before listening to a story or presentation.

Answer 13

TQLR

Question 14

TQLR stands for?

Answer 14

Tune in
Question
Listen
Remember

Question 15

This is usually for older students in the intermediate levels and onwards. This strategy is used to study a unit or chapter.

Answer 15

PQ4R

Question 16

PQ4R stands for?

Answer 16

Preview
Question
Read
Recite
Review
Reflect

Question 17

It is first important for the learner himself to be aware that he is paying attention, and that he is ready to learn.

Answer 17

Tune in

Question 18

Scan the whole chapter before delving on each paragraph. Check out the objectives. Look for outlines or advance organizers that will give you an idea about the important topics and ideas in the chapter. Read the summary of the chapter first.

Answer 18

Preview

Question 19

Work on answering the questions you had earlier.

Answer 19

Recite

Question 20

Pinpoint topics you may need to go back to and read in order to understand better.

Answer 20

Review

Question 21

Think about what you read. Is everything clear to you? What are the main points you learned? How is this relevant or useful to you?

Answer 21

Reflect

Question 22

Have limited knowledge in the different subject areas

Answer 22

Novice Learners

Question 23

Satisfied at just scratching the surface; hurriedly gives a solution to the problem

Answer 23

Novice Learners

Question 24

Select important information to process; able to breakdown information to manageable chunks

Answer 24

Expert Learners

Question 25

Do not examine the quality of their work, nor stop to make revisions

Answer 25

Novice Learners

Question 26

Attempt to process all information they receive

Answer 26

Novice Learners

Question 27

Design new strategies that would be appropriate to the task at hand

Answer 27

Expert Learners

Question 28

Check their errors and redirect their efforts to maintain quality output

Answer 28

Expert Learners

Question 29

Have deeper knowledge in different subject areas because they look for interrelationships in the things they learn

Answer 29

Expert Learners

Question 30

First try to understand the problem, look for boundaries, and create a mental picture of the problem

Answer 30

Expert Learners

Question 31

Employ rigid strategies that may not be appropriate to the task at hand

Answer 31

Novice Learners

Question 32

The Learner-Centered Psychological Principles were put together by the ?

Answer 32

American Psychological Association.

Question 33

They focus on psychological factors that are primarily ______ to and under the control of the learner rather than conditioned habits or physiological factors.

Answer 33

Internal

Question 34

The principles also attempt to acknowledge ________environment or contextual factors that interact with these internal factors.

Answer 34

External

Question 35

The principles are intended to deal _________ with learners in the context of real-world learning situations. Thus, they are best understood as an organized set of principles; no principle should be viewed in isolation.

Answer 35

Holistically

Question 36

The 14 principles are divided into ?

Answer 36

(1) cognitive and metacognitive (2) motivational and affective (3) developmental and social (4) individual differences factors

Question 37

The learning of a complex subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience.

Answer 37

Nature of the learning process

Question 38

The successful learner, over time and with support and instructional guidance, can create meaningful, coherent representations of knowledge.

Answer 38

Goals of the learning process

Question 39

The successful learner can link new information with existing knowledge in meaningful ways.

Answer 39

Construction of knowledge

Question 40

The successful learner can create and use a repertoire of thinking and reasoning strategies to achieve complex learning goals.

Answer 40

Strategic Thinking

Question 41

Higher order strategies for selecting and monitoring mental operations facilitate creative and critical thinking.

Answer 41

Thinking about thinking

Question 42

Learning is influenced by environmental factor, including culture, technology, and instructional practices.

Answer 42

Context of learning

Question 43

What and how much is learned is influenced by the learner’s motivation. Motivation to learn, in turn, is influenced by the individual’s emotional states, beliefs, interests and goals, and habits of thinking.

Answer 43

Motivational and emotional influences on learning

Question 44

The learner’s creativity, higher order thinking, and natural curiosity all contribute to motivation to learn. Intrinsic motivation is stimulated by tasks of optimal novelty and difficulty, relevant to personal interests, and providing for personal choice and control.

Answer 44

Intrinsic motivation to learn

Question 45

Acquisition of complex knowledge and skills requires extended learner effort and guided practice. Without learners’ motivation to learn, the willingness to exert this effort is unlikely without coercion.

Answer 45

Effects of motivation on efforts

Question 46

As individuals develop, there are different opportunities and constraints for learning. Learning is most effective when differential development within and across physical, intellectual, emotional, and social domains is taken into account.

Answer 46

Developmental influences on learning

Question 47

Learning is influenced by social interactions, interpersonal relations, and communication with others.

Answer 47

Social influences on learning

Question 48

Learners have different strategies, approaches, and capabilities for learning that are a function of prior experience and heredity.

Answer 48

Individual differences in learning

Question 49

Learning is most effective when differences in learners’ linguistic, cultural, and social backgrounds are taken into account.

Answer 49

Learning and Diversity

Question 50

Setting appropriately high and challenging standards and assessing the learner as well as learning progress – including diagnostic, process, and outcome assessment – are integral parts of the learning process.

Answer 50

Standards and Assessment

Question 51

Who gave a summary of the 14 principles and distilled them into five areas:

Answer 51

Alexander and Murphy

Question 52

Alexander and Murphy gave a summary of the 14 principles and distilled them into five areas: What are the five areas?

Answer 52

1. The knowledge base. 2. Strategic processing and control. 3. Motivation and Affect 4. Development and Individual Differences 5. Situation or context

Question 53

One’s existing knowledge serves as the foundation of all future learning. The learner’s previous will influence new learning specifically on how he represents new information, makes associations and filters new experiences.

Answer 53

The Knowledge Base

Question 54

Learners can develop skills to reflect and regulate their thoughts and behaviors in order to learn more effectively (metacognition).

Answer 54

Strategic processing and control.

Question 55

Factors such as intrinsic motivation (from within), reasons for wanting to learn, personal goals and enjoyment of learning tasks all have a crucial role in the learning process.

Answer 55

Motivation and affect

Question 56

Learning is a unique journey for each person because each learner has his own unique combination of genetic and environmental factors that influence him.

Answer 56

Development and Individual differences.

Question 57

Learning happens in the context of a society as well as within an individual.

Answer 57

Situation or context