Metabolism key enzymes

Question 1

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycogenesis?

Answer 1

Glycogen synthase and Branching enzyme

Question 2

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycogenolysis?

Answer 2

glycogen phosphorylase and debranching enzyme

Question 3

What is the key enzyme(s) in gluconeogenesis?

Answer 3

PEPCK, fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase and glucose 6 phosphatase

Question 4

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycolysis?

Answer 4

Hexokinase/glucokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase

Question 5

What are the key enzyme(s) in lactate production?

Answer 5

Lactate dehydrogenase

Question 6

What is the key enzyme(s) in the link reaction?

Answer 6

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 7

What is the key enzyme(s) in the pentose phosphate pathway?

Answer 7

G6PD

Question 8

What is the key enzyme(s) in the TCA cycle?

Answer 8

isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 9

What is the key enzyme(s) in the electron transport chain?

Answer 9

ATP synthase

Question 10

What is the key enzyme(s) in alcohol oxidation?

Answer 10

alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 11

What is the key enzyme(s) in fatty acid synthesis?

Answer 11

Fatty acid synthase complex and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Question 12

What is the key enzyme(s) in fatty acid oxidation?

Answer 12

carnitine acyl transferase 1 and 2, and fatty acyl CoA synthase

Question 13

What is the key enzyme(s) in ketogenesis?

Answer 13

HMG-CoA synthase and lyase

Question 14

What is the key enzyme(s) in cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 14

HMG CoA reductase

Question 15

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of cholesterol esters from cholesterol?

Answer 15

Lethicin cholesterol acyl-transferase (LCAT)

Question 16

What is the key enzyme(s) in cholesterol exchange

Answer 16

Cholesterol exchange transfer protein (CETP)

Question 17

What is the key enzyme(s) involved in meeting in glycerol to glycolysis or TAG synthesis?

Answer 17

Glycerol kinase

Question 18

What is the key enzyme(s) in breaking down TAG to fatty acids and glycerol?

Answer 18

Hormone sensitive lipase and lipoprotein lipase

Question 19

What is the key enzyme(s) in transamination?

Answer 19

Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST).

Question 20

What is the key enzyme(s) in deamination?

Answer 20

Glutaminase (breaks down glutamine to form glutamate and ammonia)

Question 21

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of glutamine from glutamate?

Answer 21

Glutamine synthase

Question 22

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of ammonia from glutamate?

Answer 22

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Question 23

What is the key enzyme(s) in starch/glycogen digestion?

Answer 23

Amylase

Question 24

What is the key enzyme(s) in the digestion of cellulose?

Answer 24

Trick question - we cannot digest cellulose due to our inability to break beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds

Question 25

What is the key enzyme(s) involved in the digestion of fat?

Answer 25

Pancreatic lipases

Question 26

What is the key enzyme(s) in the digestion of protein?

Answer 26

Proteases

Question 27

What is the key enzyme(s) in the production of nitric oxide?

Answer 27

nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS

Question 28

What is the key enzyme(s) in the respiratory burst?

Answer 28

NADPH oxidase

Question 29

What is the key enzyme(s) in superoxide disposal?

Answer 29

Superoxide dismutase and catalase

Question 30

What is the key enzyme(s) in glutathione reduction and oxidation?

Answer 30

glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase (respectively)

Question 31

What is the defective enzyme in lactose intolerance?

Answer 31

Lactase

Question 32

What is the defective enzyme in fructose intolerance?

Answer 32

Fructokinase or aldolase

Question 33

What are the defective enzymes in galactosemia?

Answer 33

Galactokinase, uridyl transferase (classic) or UDP-galactose epimerase

Question 34

What are the defective enzymes in PKU?

Answer 34

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Question 35

What is the defective enzyme in homocystinuria?

Answer 35

cystathione beta synthase

Question 36

What is the defective enzyme in G6PDH deficiency?

Answer 36

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase