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Year 1 - Metabolism, Endocrinology and Haemotology > Metabolism key enzymes > Flashcards

Metabolism key enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycogenesis?

A

Glycogen synthase and Branching enzyme

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2
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycogenolysis?

A

glycogen phosphorylase and debranching enzyme

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3
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in gluconeogenesis?

A

PEPCK, fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase and glucose 6 phosphatase

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4
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in glycolysis?

A

Hexokinase/glucokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase

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5
Q

What are the key enzyme(s) in lactate production?

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

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6
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the link reaction?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

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7
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the pentose phosphate pathway?

A

G6PD

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8
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the TCA cycle?

A

isocitrate dehydrogenase

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9
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the electron transport chain?

A

ATP synthase

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10
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in alcohol oxidation?

A

alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase

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11
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in fatty acid synthesis?

A

Fatty acid synthase complex and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

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12
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in fatty acid oxidation?

A

carnitine acyl transferase 1 and 2, and fatty acyl CoA synthase

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13
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in ketogenesis?

A

HMG-CoA synthase and lyase

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14
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in cholesterol synthesis?

A

HMG CoA reductase

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15
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of cholesterol esters from cholesterol?

A

Lethicin cholesterol acyl-transferase (LCAT)

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16
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in cholesterol exchange

A

Cholesterol exchange transfer protein (CETP)

17
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) involved in meeting in glycerol to glycolysis or TAG synthesis?

A

Glycerol kinase

18
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in breaking down TAG to fatty acids and glycerol?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase and lipoprotein lipase

19
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in transamination?

A

Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST).

20
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in deamination?

A

Glutaminase (breaks down glutamine to form glutamate and ammonia)

21
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of glutamine from glutamate?

A

Glutamine synthase

22
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the formation of ammonia from glutamate?

A

Glutamate dehydrogenase

23
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in starch/glycogen digestion?

A

Amylase

24
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the digestion of cellulose?

A

Trick question - we cannot digest cellulose due to our inability to break beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds

25
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) involved in the digestion of fat?

A

Pancreatic lipases

26
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the digestion of protein?

A

Proteases

27
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the production of nitric oxide?

A

nNOS, iNOS, and eNOS

28
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in the respiratory burst?

A

NADPH oxidase

29
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in superoxide disposal?

A

Superoxide dismutase and catalase

30
Q

What is the key enzyme(s) in glutathione reduction and oxidation?

A

glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase (respectively)

31
Q

What is the defective enzyme in lactose intolerance?

A

Lactase

32
Q

What is the defective enzyme in fructose intolerance?

A

Fructokinase or aldolase

33
Q

What are the defective enzymes in galactosemia?

A

Galactokinase, uridyl transferase (classic) or UDP-galactose epimerase

34
Q

What are the defective enzymes in PKU?

A

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

35
Q

What is the defective enzyme in homocystinuria?

A

cystathione beta synthase

36
Q

What is the defective enzyme in G6PDH deficiency?

A

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase

Year 1 - Metabolism, Endocrinology and Haemotology (1 decks)

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