Metabolism General

Question 1

Metabolic Pathways

Answer 1

Metabolic pathways are integrated and controlled pathways of enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell

Question 2

Metabolism

Answer 2

The biochemical reactions of the body

Question 3

What key features can metabolic pathways contain?

Answer 3

Reversible steps, irreversible steps and alternative routes

Question 4

What two types of metabolic pathways are there?

Answer 4

Anabolic and Catabolic

Question 5

Describe anabolic reactions

Answer 5

Build up large molecules from small molecules and are energy requiring

Question 6

Describe catabolic reactions

Answer 6

Break down larger molecules into smaller molecules and are energy releasing

Question 7

Give an example of an anabolic reaction

Answer 7

Protein synthesis

Question 8

Give an example of a catabolic reaction

Answer 8

Respiration

Question 9

State three things metabolic pathways can be controlled by

Answer 9

presence of particular enzymes, absence of particular enzymes, regulation of rate of reaction of key enzymes

Question 10

Define metabolism

Answer 10

The biochemical reactions of the body

Question 11

Describe enzyme induced fit

Answer 11

The enzymes active site changes slightly to better fit the specific substrate after the substrate binds

Question 12

Will the enzyme change shape again once the substrate is released?

Answer 12

Yes, it will return to its original shape

Question 13

Define activation energy

Answer 13

The energy required to carry out an enzyme reaction

Question 14

What is activation energy used to do?

Answer 14

It is used to break bonds between chemicals

Question 15

How does the presence of an enzymes active site affect the activation energy of a reaction?

Answer 15

The enzymes active site lowers the activation energy needed for a reaction to take place

Question 16

The specific substrate molecule of an enzyme has a ____ affinity for the active site of the enzyme

Answer 16

High

Question 17

The product(s) of an enzyme reaction has a ____ affinity for the active site of the enzyme

Answer 17

Low

Question 18

What is affinity

Answer 18

Chemical attraction

Question 19

What factors effect enzyme action

Answer 19

temperature, pH and the supply of substrate

Question 20

What can enzymes do in most reactions?

Answer 20

Most enzymes can catalyse the reaction forward as well as backwards

Question 21

In the forward reaction, the substrate concentration (the reactants) will be of a ____ concentration than the end product(s)

Answer 21

Higher

Question 22

In a reversible reaction, the substrate concentration (the reactants) will be of a ____ concentration than the end product(s)

Answer 22

Lower

Question 23

When does an alternative route usually occur in a metabolic pathway

Answer 23

When there is a plentiful supply of one metabolite in a pathway

Question 24

What is a metabolite?

Answer 24

A substance in the pathway