Metabolism Flashcards
Releases energy by oxidation of molecules.
Catabolism
Uses energy to synthesize macromolecules that make up the cell.
Anabolism
Impacts of Microbial Metabolism:
Disease and food spoilage
Nitrogen cycle
Beverages and food
Sewage treatment
Drugs
Important Processes of Metabolism:
Carbohydrate catabolism
Lipid Catabolism
Protein Catabolism
Two forms of carbohydrate catabolism:
- Respiration
- Fermentation
Glycolysis is followed by Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain which generates the most ATP.
Respiration
It does not require Krebs cycle or ETC, and produces end products such as lactic acid or ethanol.
Fermentation
Lipids are first broken down into component fatty acids and glycerols by:
Lipases
Each component can then enter the Krebs cycle.
Lipid catabolism
They break down proteins into component amino acids
Proteases and peptidases
Amino acids must undergo enzymatic conversion into substances that can enter the Krebs cycle.
Protein catabolism
Light as energy source.
Phototrophs
Redox of in/organic compounds.
Chemotrophs
Self-feeders
Autotrophs
Feed on others
Heterotrophs
Most medically important organisms are ___________, because typically, infectious organisms catabolize substances obtained from the host.
chemoheterotrophic
