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2. Characterisfics Of Life > Metabolism > Flashcards

Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the sum of all chemical processes in the body?

A

Metabolism

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2
Q

True or False: Metabolism includes both anabolic and catabolic reactions.

A

True

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3
Q

Which type of reaction involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

A

Catabolic reaction

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4
Q

What is the term for the building up of complex molecules from simpler ones?

A

Anabolic reaction

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5
Q

What is the primary source of energy for cellular metabolism?

A

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

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6
Q

What are the three main stages of cellular respiration?

A

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain

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7
Q

What molecule is produced in the highest quantity during glycolysis?

A

ATP

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8
Q

Where does the Krebs cycle take place in the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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9
Q

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

What is the term for the process of breaking down glucose to release energy?

A

Glycolysis

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11
Q

What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced during glycolysis?

A

2 ATP molecules

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12
Q

What is the term for the total amount of energy released during the complete oxidation of glucose?

A

Glycolytic yield

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13
Q

Which molecule is known as the ‘energy currency’ of the cell?

A

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

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14
Q

What is the process by which cells convert glucose into ATP in the absence of oxygen?

A

Anaerobic respiration

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15
Q

What are the end products of anaerobic respiration in humans?

A

Lactic acid and 2 ATP molecules

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16
Q

Which type of metabolism occurs during fasting or starvation?

A

Ketosis

17
Q

What is the term for the breakdown of fatty acids to generate energy?

A

Beta-oxidation

18
Q

What hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose into the bloodstream?

A

Glucagon

19
Q

What is the process of using amino acids to generate energy?

A

Proteolysis

20
Q

What is the term for the process of converting excess glucose into glycogen for storage?

A

Glycogenesis

21
Q

Which hormone promotes the storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver?

A

Insulin

22
Q

What is the primary function of metabolism in the body?

A

To provide energy for cellular functions

23
Q

What is the term for the total amount of energy used by the body in a day?

A

Total energy expenditure

24
Q

What is the primary determinant of an individual’s metabolic rate?

A

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

25
Q

What is the term for the energy required to maintain essential physiological functions at rest?

A

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

2. Characterisfics Of Life (7 decks)

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