Metabolic integration

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE:

In the fed, the liver will produce more urea

Why?

Answer 1

TRUE:

• In the fed state, the body will begin to digest proteins
• In the case that there are excess proteins, they will be metabolized
  -Metabolism of proteins produces ammonium which is toxic
• The liver converts ammonia to urea (non-toxic)

Question 2

What is the main contributor(s) of energy in the Post-Absorptive State (within 24 hours of eating)

Answer 2

• Hepatic glycogen reserves are used to produce glucose (glycogenolysis)
• supports blood glucose for brain and RBC

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE:

Fat is a major energy source within 24 hours of eating

Answer 3

FALSE

Question 4

In the Fasted State, glycogen stores have been depleted. What is the next source of energy used?

Answer 4

• Increase in protein catabolism (from muscles)
• Fats start to be used (to

Question 5

In which state is the body mostly relying on fatty acid and ketones for energy?

Answer 5

Starvation state

Question 6

Why are small amounts of proteins still being used during Starvation State?

Answer 6

• to support the krebs cycle (via glucogenic amino acids)

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE:
During starvation state:
90% ammonia and 10% urea

Answer 7

TRUE
- as greater protein catabolism occurs, more ammonium is produced,

• This ammonium is excreted by the kidneys

Question 8

What is the role of Bicarbonate in metabolic integration?

Answer 8

• balances the pH
• ketones are slightly acidic