Metabolic Fuels: Fatty Acid

Question 1

What do trans fatty acid’s do?

Answer 1

Create unsaturated fat acid that has the thermal and biological properties of a saturated fatty acid.

Will have low melting temp and be solid at room temp

Question 2

What are linoleic (w-6) and Linoleic (w-3)

Answer 2

They are two essential fatty acids that cannot be synthesized. They must be consumed

Question 3

What are Triglycerides?

Answer 3

Storage form of fatty acids. Have glycerol backbone with an ester bond to fatty acids

Question 4

What does ATP-citrate lyase do?

Answer 4

Converts Citrate —> Acetyl CoA and Oxaloacetate.

NEED ATP for this to happen

Question 5

What does Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC) do?

Answer 5

Converts Acetyl-CoA to Malonyl CoA.

This is a rate-limiting highly regulated step

Question 6

What does Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) do?

Answer 6

Converts Acetyl CoA+Malonyl CoA to Palmitate (saturated fatty acid).

Need NADPH!

Question 7

Where does Fatty Acid Synthesis occur?

Answer 7

Liver, Mammary gland, and sometimes adipose tissue

Question 8

What does Malic Enzyme do?

Answer 8

SOURCE OF NADPH!

Question 9

What happens to Palmitate after formed?

Answer 9

Palmitate –> Cholesterol ester –> packaged into VLDL and secreted to plasma to be taken to adipose tissue

Question 10

What do chylomicrons do?

Answer 10

Transport injected FA to adipose tissue to be converted to TG

Question 11

Once VLDL & chylomicrons transport FA to adipose tissue, what happens?

Answer 11

LPL converts FA to TG by adding glycerol