Met Lesson 4 Flashcards
Australian Regions
Tropical north
Sub-tropical south
Arid/dry interior
Wet Monsoon
Southern hemisphere summer (Dec-Feb)
Moisture is fed in from the oceans and the ITCZ
Moist air becomes unstable over the warmer land
Thunderstorms, squalls and cyclones in the North of Australia
Dry Monsoon
Southern hemisphere winter (May-June)
South east trades over land
Dry stable air in the north
Generally fine weather
Southern Hemisphere Summer
Dec - Feb
In the south of Australis changeable but generally fine weather
The polar maritime streams bring cold fronts passing in the south
The high pressure systems move south with fine weather
Southern Hemisphere Winter
Jun - Aug Long fine periods Possible radiation fog and cold fronts The high pressure systems move north bringing westerly winds Cold fronts with rainfall in the south
The Southern Oscillation
Periodic warming of the surface waters in the tropical Pacific
Starts in December
Warm water flows southwards along Ecuador and replaces the northward flowing Peru current
Causes abnormal temperatures and rainfall
El Niño
Low phase southern oscillation (ENSO)
Localised in the tropic Pacific
Causes draughts in Australia and floods in South America
Decreased precipitation over Indonesia
La Niña
High phase (non-ENSO)
Water cools in the Eastern tropical Pacific
Increased precipitation in Indonesia
Increased trade winds over the Pacific
Aerodrome Forecasts
TAF
TTF
Area Forecasts
GAF
GPWT
Reports
METAR
SPECI
ATIS
Advices
SIGMETS
AIRMETS
AIREPS (aircraft)
Alternates
Nav Aids Cloud (>SCT below 1500ft) Visibility (< 8km) Wind (xwind/Tw > aircraft limits) Prob/prov Lightning Storms
