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MET Kafli 20-29 > MET Kafli 20-29 > Flashcards

MET Kafli 20-29 Flashcards

1
Q

Hvaða lönd contributa mest í satellite imagery?

A

USA og Russia

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2
Q

Hvað bætir Doppler við basic radar? detects…

A

particle movement. Lateral motion.

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3
Q

how is the radar signal incoming different when it encounters heavy rain?

A

The signal is stronger

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4
Q

Nefndu nokkra errora við radar weather detection

A

Ground return, shadowing effect, anomalous propagation, interference from sun or other transmitters, wildlife.

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5
Q

Hvað er weather radar að ná til langs svæði í km? (circumference)

A

100-150 km

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6
Q

Anamalous propogation; Bylgjur sveiflast ____ vegna ____ lofts

A

bylgjur sveiflast niður á við vegna þéttaleika lofts

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7
Q

Getur fengið anamalous propogation í ____ layer

A

inversion

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8
Q

Til hvers eru atmospherics notað?

A

locate lightning

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9
Q

Aðferðin í atmospherics til að finna lighting er að nota ____ time difference

A

Arrival

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10
Q

Tvær tegundir satellites eru notaðar í satellite imagery og þær eru..

A

Geostationary og polar orbiting

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11
Q

Hversu hátt er geostationary satellites yfir equator?

A

36,000 km

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12
Q

Hverjir eru kostir geostationary satellites?

A

Sjá 1/3 af earth’s surface og þú getur sett imagery í movie loop.

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13
Q

Hverjir eru ókostir geostationary satellites? (2 hlutir)

A

Less picture resolution og no coverage over the poles due to curvature of the earth.

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14
Q

Polar orbiting satellites, hversu hátt eru þeir yfir jörðu og hversu marga orbita taka þeir á sólarhring?

A

600-1000 km above earth. 14 orbits per day.

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15
Q

Hver er ókostur polar orbiting satellites vs. geostationary?

A

Field of view is less

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16
Q

When using an infra red image, how would a very hot land area be shown?

A

black

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17
Q

How does the weather radar measure the intensity of the precipitation? ____ of returning signal

A

strength

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18
Q

What does weather radar primarily aim to pick up for use in weather avoidance?

a. Flocking birds.
b. Precipitation.
c. Super cooled water droplets.
d. Lightning.

A

b. Precipitation.

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19
Q

Hvað þýðir R23L/P1200 ?

A

RVR er meira en 1200m

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20
Q

Which is more, RVR or visibility?

A

RVR er oftast hærra.

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21
Q

Hvaða græja mælir RVR?

A

Transmissometer

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22
Q

hvaða fjórir þættir eru mældir í “weather hut”?

A

dry bulb, wet bulb, maximum, minimum.

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23
Q

Hvað mælir anemometer og hvar er þetta staðsett?

A

wind, placed on a mast 10m above the runway.

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24
Q

Hvað er AIREP?

A

Routine Air Report

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25
Q

Hvað er PIREP?

A

Special Air Report

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26
Q

Hvað heitir þetta sem er sent upp með blöðru og sendir svo veðurskýrslu til jörðu?

A

Radiosonde

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27
Q

Hvað þýðir MI í METAR?

A

shallow

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28
Q

Hvað þýðir BC í METAR?

A

Patches

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29
Q

Hvað þýðir BL í METAR?

A

Blowing

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30
Q

Hvað þýðir SH í METAR?

A

Showers

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31
Q

Hvað þýðir TS í METAR?

A

Thunderstorm

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32
Q

Hvað þýðir FZ í METAR?

A

Freezing

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33
Q

Hvað þýðir PR í METAR?

A

Partial. Ef þú sérð PRFG þá þýðir það Fog bank.

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34
Q

Hvað þýðir SG í METAR?

A

Snow grains

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35
Q

Hvað þýðir IC í METAR?

A

Ice crystals

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36
Q

Hvað þýðir PL í METAR?

A

Ice pellets

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37
Q

Hvað þýðir GR í METAR?

A

hail

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38
Q

Hvað þýðir GS í METAR?

A

small hail

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39
Q

Hvað þýðir BR í METAR?

A

Mist

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40
Q

Hvað þýðir FG í METAR?

A

Fog, visibility less than 1000m

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41
Q

Hvað þýðir FU í METAR?

A

smoke

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42
Q

Hvað þýðir VA í METAR?

A

Volcanic ash

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43
Q

Hvað þýðir DU í METAR?

A

widespread dust

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44
Q

Hvað þýðir SA í METAR?

A

Sand

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45
Q

Hvað þýðir HZ í METAR?

A

Haze

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46
Q

Hvað þýðir PO í METAR?

A

Dust/Sand whirls

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47
Q

Hvað þýðir SQ í METAR?

A

squall

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48
Q

Hvað þýðir FC í METAR?

A

Funnel clouds

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49
Q

Hvað þýðir SS í METAR?

A

Sandstorm

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50
Q

Hvað þýðir DS í METAR?

A

Duststorm

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51
Q

Hvað þýðir VC í METAR?

A

In the vicinity

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52
Q

Hvernig myndu stafirnir fyrir shallow fog vera í METAR og hvaða skilyrði eru fyrir flokkuninni

A

MIFG; no deeper than 2m and visibility must be more than 1000m.

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53
Q

Hvaða cloud coverage er í FEW?

A

1/8 - 2/8

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54
Q

Hvaða cloud coverage er í overcast?

A

8/8

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55
Q

Hvaða cloud coverage er í BKN?

A

5/7 - 7/8

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56
Q

Hvaða cloud coverage er í SCT?

A

3/4 - 4/8

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57
Q

Hvað þýðir TCU í METAR?

A

Towering cumulus cloud

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58
Q

Hvað nákvæmlega þýðir CAVOK

A

Ceiling and visibility are OK

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59
Q

Hver eru skilyrðin fjögur fyrir CAVOK

A
  1. visibility 10km or more
  2. No clouds below 5000’ or below minimum MSA
  3. No CB
  4. No Sig Wx
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60
Q

Hvað myndi RERA þýða í METAR?

A

Recent rain

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61
Q

Hvað þýðir WS í METAR?

A

Windshear

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62
Q

In mountain regions wind tend to be more ____ and temperatures

A

stronger and gusty, lower temperature.

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63
Q

Runway Visual Range (RVR) is usually worse/better than meteorological visibility

A

better

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64
Q

Wind directions in a METAR are usually given in? magnetic or true?

A

true

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65
Q

Ef þú sérð í METAR: R27R/P1500 þá þýðir það

A

Runway 27R, visbility better than 1500m

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66
Q

Ef þú sérð í METAR: R27R/1100, hvað stendur 1100 fyrir?

A

threshold visibility

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67
Q

Ef þú sérð í METAR: VV///, hvað þýðir það?

A

Vertical visibility - unmeasurable

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68
Q

Ef hitastig væri -2.5°C, hvernig væri þetta skrifað í METAR máli?

A

M02

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69
Q

Hvað myndi NOSIG tákna í METAR

A

No weather change

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70
Q

Hvað þýðir SPECI?

A

Special report

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71
Q

Hvað þýðir NSC í TAF?

A

No significant cloud below 5000’

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72
Q

Hvað gildir TAF lengi og hversu títt er þetta uppfært?

A

Gildir í 9 klst, uppfært á þriggja klst fresti.

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73
Q

Ef það kemur TEMPO veður, hvað varir það max lengi?

A

1 klst

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74
Q

Hvað þýðir NSW í TAF?

A

No significant weather

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75
Q

Ef það er gerð breyting í TAF með “BECMG” þá þarf vindur að breytast í gráðum m.v. windspeed a) 10-19 kts og b) 20 kts+

A

a) 60°

b) 30°

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76
Q

Where are icing conditions en route specified?

a. SPECI and TREND.
b. METAR and SIGMET.
c. Significant weather chart and SIGMET.
d. TAF and METAR.

A

Significant weather chart and SIGMET.

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77
Q

Sérðu upplýsingar um icing í METAR?

A

Nei

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78
Q

What is the best chart for a pilot to find information about the presence of a jet stream?

A

Significant weather chart

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79
Q

On WAFC significant weather charts, jet stream are given flight levels. What does this mean?

a. The higest flight level where the winds are more than 60 KT.
b. The flight level of the maximum wind in the jet stream.
c. The flight level of the mean wind in the jet stream.
d. The average height of the jet stream.

A

b. The flight level of the maximum wind in the jet stream.

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80
Q

Where do you find information about icing and clear air turbulence?

A

Significant weather charts.

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81
Q

For what times are WAFS significant weather charts produced?

a. 0000 and 1200 Z.
b. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 LMT.
c. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC.
d. Midnight and midday only.

A

c. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC.

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82
Q

What is the validity time for a WAFC significant weather chart?

a. 6 hours.
b. For a fixed time only.
c. 30 minutes.
d. 3 hours.

A

b. For a fixed time only.

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83
Q

Hvað þýðir HVY DS í SIGMET?

A

Heavy duststorm

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84
Q

At what latitude is the snow zone?

A

65° - 90°

85
Q

Where are the trade winds located?

A

Between the ITCZ and the subtropical high pressure belt.

86
Q

What is the name of the winds formed by the NE- and SE trade winds?

A

The Doldrums

87
Q

At what latitude is the Mid latitude zone?

A

40° - 65°

88
Q

What is the weather like in the Horse latitudes?

A

Dry and clear (due to influence from the Azores high pressure system).
Winds: lights

89
Q

How are the winds at the polar front?

A

Strong + variable

90
Q

At what latitude is the temperate transitional zone?

A

35° - 40°

91
Q

Winds at the Ferrell cell are easterly/westerly ?

A

Westerly

92
Q

At what latitude is the dry zone?

A

20-35°

93
Q

In the Tropical rain zone, how many rain periods are there?

A

Two zones; March-May and November-December.

94
Q

Ef hitastig er -57°C í FL390, hvað er ISA?

A

15-(2*36)=-57 => ISA=0.

Þú mátt ekki lækka hitastig meira eftir 36,000 ft (tropopause er þar og loft kólnar ekki meira).

95
Q

Hver er formúlan til að finna út FL?

A

-24000*ln^(pressure/1013)

96
Q

Hver er formúlan til að finna út pressure úr FL?

A

1013*e(-FL/24000)

97
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir hafsvæði á veturna varaðndi pressure?

A

Þessi svæði verða low pressure zones, t.d. flæðir loft frá Afríku og Evrópu að Miðjarðarhafi á veturna.

98
Q

In the southern hemisphere, wind is more/less stable because…

A

Wind is more stable in the SH because of lack of land mass. (Hlýtur verið að tala um vindátt/styrk hérna en ekki almennt stability).

99
Q

Undir Hadley cells, hvort er meira stable veður í eastern part of oceans eða western?

A

Meira stable í eastern part of oceans. Ástæðan er sú að vindur er easterly og í eastern part of oceans þá er vindurinn tiltölulega nýkominn af landi og því continental (stable), verður svo maritime yfir hafinu og unstable.

100
Q

Under Ferrell cells, the winds are westerly/easterly in NH, how about the SH?

A

Westerly in both NH and SH.

101
Q

hvað ræður veðrinu á veturna og svo sumrin í Temperate transitional zone?

A

Summer: Subtropical high
Winter: Polar front depression

102
Q

Hvað er annað nafn yfir NE trade winds sem eru í Norður Afríku um vetur?

A

Harmattan

103
Q

Australia is a high/lower pressure area in June?

A

High pressure area

104
Q

In North America the weather in summer is governed by the ___ low and the ____ sea current

A

Canadian low, Labrador sea current.

105
Q

Is the Bermuda High in winter or summer?

A

Winter

106
Q

The lines on a contour chart join points of equal..

A

height

107
Q

Ef þú sérð thunderstorm symbol í significant weather chart þá þýðir það auðvitað thunderstorm en hvað tvennt annað þýðir þetta og á hvað háu stigi?

A

Moderate/severe turbulence og moderate/severe icing.

108
Q

Ef þú sérð isohypse með 500 hPa pressure surface, labelled with the number 552. Þetta þýðir að for all point on the isohypse the…

A

topography is 552 decameters above MSL.

109
Q

Hvað er ISA temperature í FL360?

A

-56.5°C. Svo lækkar hitastig bara ekkert meira eftir þetta. Bara “loka” ISA hitastig.

110
Q

Hvernig er veðrið eftir að cold front hefur farið framhjá?

A

Kalt, better visibility fyrir utan frequent isolated showers.

111
Q

Ef þú vilt skoða hvort þú lendir í turbulence, hvaða kort skoðar þú aðallega?

A

SWC - Significant Weather Chart

112
Q

Hver eru einkennin á Trend-type METAR?

A

Það er í því BECMG eða TEMPO

113
Q

Ef þú reportar Ts activity og severe icing during flight og þú gerir report. Hvað leiðir þetta til? Amended forecast? SIGMET? METAR?

A

SIGMET

114
Q

Stundum er bætt við METAR einhverju sem er meira spá en report, BECMG. Þá verður breyting að vera væntanlega innan…

A

2 klst.

115
Q

Hvað þýðir 10MPS í METAR message?

A

10 meters per second = 20 kts

116
Q

What is a SIGMET?

A

Warning of dangerous meteorological conditions

117
Q

METARS are compiled and distributed with intervals of X hours.

A

0.5 hours

118
Q

Ceiling miðast við amk X oktas

A

5 oktas (Scattered)

119
Q

Hvað eru SCT í skýjahulu

A

3-4

120
Q

Hvað er FEW í skýjahulu?

A

1-2 oktas

121
Q

Komdu með dæmi um landing forecast

A

METAR with TREND (ekki bara metar)

122
Q 
Which of these meteorological messages are normally transmitted in a VHF VOLMET broadcast within Europe?
A) METAR
b) AIREP
c) SPECIAL
D) AIRMET
E) GAMET
F) SPECI
G) TAF
A

A) METAR

F) SPECI

123
Q

Hvaða “skýrslur” inniheldur VOLMET?

A

METAR, SPECI, TAF OG SIGMET.

124
Q

VOLMET has a report for one/multiple airports

A

multiple

125
Q

Hluti af hvernig skilaboðum er þetta? “VALID 211600/212000 HVY SN 25CM FCST”

A

Aerodrome warning

126
Q

How long from the time of observation is a TREND in a METAR valid?

A

2 klst

127
Q

The Polar front is a boundary between the ___ air and the _____ air.

A

Polar continental air and tropical continental air.

128
Q

Hver er hallinn á warm front?

A

1:150

129
Q

Hversu langt nær precipitation zone í warm front?

A

200-300 NM

130
Q

Hvernig ský gætir þú séð í “warm sector” í occlusion?

A

Stratus, Nimbostratus.

131
Q

Hver er munurinn á anabatic og catabatic fronts?

A

Anabatic are typical and the Katabatic are less active (fewer clouds due to descending air).

132
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir vind þegar front nálgast

A

Hann backar (bæði í warm og cold front) og hann eykst líka í báðum.

133
Q

Hvernig er precipitation og visibility eftir cold front

A

Good visibility but occasional showers.

134
Q

Hvað nær main precipitation zone langt í cold front?

A

50-100 NM

135
Q

How many days between Polar Front Depressions?

A

1-2 days

136
Q

Hvað finnur þú á milli tveggja polar front depressions?

A

Cold temporary anti-cyclone

137
Q

Hvernig þoka myndast í “warm sector” og af hverju?

A

Það myndast advection fog. Það er hlýtt og rakt loft í warm sector og jörðin hlutfallslega kaldari. Þetta loft kólnar því að daggarmörkum og advection fog myndast.

138
Q

Hver er skilgreiningin á shallow fog varðandi hæð hennar?

A

“thin layer of fog below eye level”

139
Q

Hvaða climate zone tilheyrir Central Europe?

A

Mid-latitude climate

140
Q

Hvað er RH í Tropical rain zone?

A

Relative humidity 80%

141
Q

in the disturbed temperate regions the weather is mainly governed by the _____

A

traveling frontal depressions.

142
Q

Hvar er tropical rain zone og hvað er að segja um regntímabilin (t.d. hvenær árs)

A

Tropical rain zone er 0-10°. Tvö rain seasons, March-May (long rains) og svo short rains í Nov-Dec.

143
Q

Hvernig er snow (tundra) climate á veturna?

A

High pressure, subsoil frozen.

144
Q

Hvað er annað nafn yfir Mediterranean zone?

A

Temperate transitional.

145
Q

In the Mediterranean zone the winters are ___ and the summers are ___

A

winters are cloudy, rainy, windy (Polar front depression rules) and summers are hot and dry (subtropical high).

146
Q

Farðu yfir Climate zones frá því efsta og til hins neðsta.

A

Polar Climate/Snow Zone (65°-90°)
Mid latitude/Disturbed temperate (40°-65°)
Temperate transitional/Mediterrenan (35°-40°)
Dry/Sub-tropical (20°-35°)
Tropical transitional/Savannah (15-20°)
T

147
Q

Hvernig er coreolis force við poles?

A

Meira við póla, ekkert við miðbaug.

148
Q

Hefur þú frequent CB’s í ITCZ?

A

Já

149
Q

Between 0°N - 23°N in India, what kind of wind could you expect?

A

SW Monsoon

150
Q

In July, the ITCZ particularly affect western Africa between X° and X° and the northern coasts of the Arabian sea in July.

A

10°N - 20°N.

151
Q

A sea breeze has ___ pressure characteristics

A

low

152
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir overcast layer of stratus clouds (base 200ft) í hæð, þegar líður á daginn og hádegi nálgast, í winter og svo summer?

A

winter: OCV base 500 ft (lyftist bara smá upp)
summer: Sólin nær yfirborði, leysir upp skýjin og þau verða scattered og lyftast hátt upp (3000 ft t.d.).

153
Q

Where can you find a typical freezing level near the ITCZ? What about the main icing zone?

A

Freezing: FL120 and FL160. Icing: FL160-FL260.

Virðist þurfa að vera kominn ofar til að fá icing.

154
Q

ITCZ reaches it maximum northerly position of X°N in July.

A

15°N-20°N

155
Q

Trade winds occur only in the lower part of the troposphere and are more pronounced over the oceans/continents.

A

More prounounced over oceans than over continents.

156
Q

What are the weak inter-tropical convergence zones found in Africa?

A

The Doldrums.

157
Q

Hvar er mean ITCZ í júlí í longitude við Ástralíu og Japan?

A

Fer hæst á sumrin og fer þarna upp við Kína.

158
Q

Hvað er SPECI?

A

Special aerodrome weather report. Issued when a significant change of weather conditions have been observed.

159
Q

Hvað er eftirfarandi kallað: “brief landing forecast added to the actual weather report”?

A

TREND

160
Q

Hvað gerir þú ef þú ef það er spáð turbulence FL250-FL300

A

Þú velur að fara fyrir neðan (held að það sé rétt).

161
Q

Í hvaða report myndir þú finna icing information?

A) GAFOR B) METAR C) TAF D) SIGMET

A

B) METAR

162
Q

Þú átt að spá fyrir um rigningu út frá fjórum spám. Hvaða þætti er best að horfa á? (tvö atriði í svari)

A

1) Visibility (ef það fer minnkandi bendir það til rigningu)

2) Low clouds (horfir samt meira á hitt)

163
Q

Hvernig vindur þarf að vera í CAVOK?

A

Ekkert tilgreint um vind, bara visibility og clouds.

164
Q

Má vera low drifting snow í CAVOK?

A

Nei

165
Q

What is a SPECI and when is it issued?

A

Special aerodrome report. Issued when significan changes of weather have been reported.

166
Q

What is the abbreviation for ice particles with a diameter of 4 mm?

A

PL

167
Q

Hvað myndi R24/M0050 þýða?

A

RVR braut 24 er 50 metrar að hámarki.

168
Q

Hvað þýðir R36/1100VP1500D ?

A

Runway 36, visibility er lágmark 1100 og mest 1500 en fer lækkandi (D).

P stendur fyrir greater than.
Svo kemur 1500 og D sem stendur fyrir að þetta fari minnkandi.

169
Q 
In which weather report would you expect info on icing on the runway:
a) TAF
B) GAFOR
C) SIGMET
D) METAR
A

D) METAR

170
Q

Hvað myndi R12/1000U þýða

A

RVR Runway 12 er 1000m og increasing.

171
Q

Ef þú átt að spotta high pressure system út frá METAR, að hverju myndir þú leita að í METAR varðandi a) Precipitation b) QNH c) Visibility d) Wind

A

Þú myndir leita að svæði með engu precipitation, hátt qnh, low visibility og low wind.

172
Q

How is an easterly wave identifiable on a surface weather chart?

A

As a weak trough.

173
Q

A blocking Omega causes short durations of fine weather, true or false?

A

False, a blocking omega causes prolonged periods of fine weather.

174
Q

At what latitude can you find the prevailing westerlies?

A

40°N - 60°N

175
Q

A cold air pool has high/low pressure characteristics? How is visibility?

A

Low pressure, low visibility

176
Q

Ef þú ert með high pressure zone með cloud base 200 ft í morgunsárið. Hvernig er líklegt að það þróist eftir því sem líður á daginn, ef það er vetur?

A

Lyftist smá, etv upp í 500 ft, en það er samt OVC ennþá (dreifist lítið úr þessu á veturna).

177
Q

Ef þú ert með high pressure zone með cloud base 200 ft í morgunsárið. Hvernig er líklegt að það þróist eftir því sem líður á daginn, ef það er sumar?

A

Lyfist verulega upp og dreifist úr þessu, fer úr 200ft í 3000 ft og í stað þess að base sé í 200 ft þá hefur sólin náð að hita upp og dreift skýjunum, orðin mögulega SCT.

178
Q

At about what average geographical latitude is assumed for the zone of prevailing westerlies?

a. 80°N
b. 30°N
c. 10°N
d. 50°N

A

d. 50°N

179
Q

The typical climate in winter and summer for the Mediterranean is:

a. Warm at all times of the year, rain in winter.
b. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.
c. Cold dry winters, warm wet summers.
d. Rain at all seasons, but temperatures relatively warm.

A

b. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.

180
Q

Which climatic zone would have the highest diurnal variation in temperature?

a. Equatorial humid.
b. Cold temperate.
c. Warm temperate.
d. Arid.

A

d. Arid.

181
Q

The ITCZ is:

a. The boundary region between the two monsoons.
b. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.
c. A region of calm winds and layer type clouds with much haze.
d. The boundary between polar air and equatorial air. Incorrect

A

b. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.

182
Q

Hvaða climate zone hefur þessa lýsingu:

High all year around, low humidity, high diurnal variation, dust storms and haze.

A

Sub tropical / Dry zone

183
Q

Farðu með temperate zones frá Tropical rain zone og upp.

A

Næst kemur Tropical transitional (Savannah) -> Dry (sub tropical) -> Temperate transitional (Mediterranean) -> Mid latitude (Disturbed temperate) -> Snow zone (polar climate)

184
Q

Dust storms and haze are most common:

a. With the Haboobs in winter.
b. In temperate latitudes.
c. In association with the sub tropical anticyclones over land.
d. In unstable air with low pressure.

A

c. In association with the sub tropical anticyclones over land.

185
Q

In Equatorial East Africa, which of the following statements is true:

a. It is dry from March to May.
b. It has two wet seasons.
c. It has one wet season.
d. It is frequently affected by dust storms from the Sudan.

A

b. It has two wet seasons.

186
Q

Considering the North Atlantic region between 30°N and 65°N together with the adjacent land areas during winter, the normal disposition of the main anticyclones at the surface is:

a. NE Canada, Iceland
b. Siberia, Iceland, Canaries
c. Azores, Siberia Correct
d. Greenland, Iberian peninsula

A

c. Azores, Siberia Correct

187
Q

The main weather features in January in Australia are:

a. Dry dusty conditions in the north, and convective Cu Cb and thunderstorms in the south.
b. Tropical revolving storms moving northwards along the east coast.
c. Large Cu due to insolation in the north, southeast trade wind conditions in the south.
d. ITCZ in the north with North West Monsoon, cold frontal troughs in the south with.

A

d. ITCZ in the north with North West Monsoon, cold frontal troughs in the south with.

188
Q

When do the hurricanes off the coast of Florida occur? (Months).

A

August - October

189
Q

Hvaða stafir væru notaðir ef það væri reykur á flugvelli í METAR?

A

FU

190
Q

In a METAR when would a gust be reported?

A

When the maximum gust speed exceeds the mean by 10 kt or more.

191
Q

What does the coding ‘00000’ imply in METAR?

A

Calm wind.

192
Q

Examine the TAF below
TAF LSZH 021019 18007KT 9999 SCT020 BKN100 BECMG 1114 8000 SCT015 OVC020 PROB30 TEMPO 1018 VRB10KTG25 TSRA BRN015 OVC020 =

Which of the following aviation hazards can be expected when landing at 1500UTC:

a. Mountain waves associated with the strong wind
b. Low cloud
c. Strong windshear
d. Strong anabatic winds blowing along the valley

A

c. Strong windshear

193
Q

What is the validity time for a WAFC significant weather chart?

a. For a fixed time only.
b. 3 hours.
c. 6 hours.
d. 30 minutes.

A

a. For a fixed time only.

194
Q

On WAFC significant weather charts what do the letters “CB” imply?

a. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence.
b. Severe icing and turbulence and hail.
c. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence and hail.
d. Moderate Icing and turbulence.

A

c. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence and hail.

195
Q

Which of the following criteria would a SIGMET be issued for subsonic flights?

a. Thunderstorms and fog.
b. Severe mountain wave activity.
c. Moderate turbulence.
d. Solar flare activity.

A

b. Severe mountain wave activity.

196
Q

Several aircraft report clear air turbulence at a certain area en route. What actions would be taken?

a. ATC should issue a storm warning.
b. ATC should close the route.
c. A SIGMET should be issued.
d. A SPECI should be issued.

A

c. A SIGMET should be issued.

197
Q

A pilot experiences severe turbulence and icing. Once reported, a competent meteorological authority would issue?

a. A SPECI.
b. A SIGMET.
c. A TEMPO.
d. A METAR.

A

b. A SIGMET.

198
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the intertropical convergence zone is true?

a. It is an area of low pressure and low relative humidity
b. It does not change its position over the oceans during the year
c. It lies totally in the northern hemisphere in July and totally in the southern hemisphere in January
d. There are frequent occurrences of CB

A

d. There are frequent occurrences of CB

199
Q

The ITCZ is:

a. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.
b. The boundary between polar air and equatorial air.
c. The boundary region between the two monsoons.
d. A region of calm winds and layer type clouds with much haze.

A

a. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.

200
Q

What weather would be typical between 10°N and 20°N?

a. Hot dry summers and cool dry winters.
b. Hot dry summers and cool moist winters.
c. Hot wet summers and hot moist winters.
d. Summer rains but dry through the rest of the year

A

d. Summer rains but dry through the rest of the year

201
Q

At approximately what latitudes would you expect to find the large warm sub-tropical anticyclones?

a. 60°
b. 10°
c. 30°
d. 50°

A

c. 30°

The subtropical high pressure belt moves between approximately 20° and 40° latitude

202
Q

What climatic zone would have the lowest humidity?

a. Arid zone.
b. Savannah zone.
c. Warm temperate zone.
d. Equatorial zone.

A

a. Arid zone.

203
Q

What name is given to the low level wind system between the subtropical high pressure belt and the equatorial trough of low pressure (ITCZ)?

a. Doldrums.
b. Monsoon.
c. Trade winds.
d. Westerly winds.

A

c. Trade winds.

204
Q

From which direction do the trade winds blow, in the southern hemisphere?

a. N
b. NE
c. SW
d. SE

A

d. SE

205
Q

The typical climate in winter and summer for the Mediterranean is:

a. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.
b. Rain at all seasons, but temperatures relatively warm.
c. Warm at all times of the year, rain in winter.
d. Cold dry winters, warm wet summers.

A

a. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.

206
Q

The Bora is?

a. A wind found in France blowing into the Mediteranean.
b. A wind blowing from Africa into the Mediteranean in winter.
c. A gusty warm wind blowing uphill.
d. A gusty cold wind blowing downhill into the Adriatic.

A

d. A gusty cold wind blowing downhill into the Adriatic.

207
Q

Considering the North Atlantic region between 30°N and 65°N and the adjacent land areas during mid-summer, the predominant pressure systems are:

a. Scandinavian high and Azores high
b. Azores low and Icelandic high
c. Azores high and weak low over NE Canada
d. weak low over NE Canada and Scandinavian high

A

c. Azores high and weak low over NE Canada

208
Q

Considering a route from Lisbon (Portugal) to Freetown (Sierra Leone), the Harmattan is a:

a. SW monsoonal wind causing extensive areas of advection fog along the West African coast south of 15°N
b. localised depression giving squally winds.
c. warm southerly dust-bearing wind affecting the coast of North Africa.
d. NE wind affecting north-west Africa during November to April reducing visibility in rising dust

A

d. NE wind affecting north-west Africa during November to April reducing visibility in rising dust

MET Kafli 20-29 (1 decks)

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