MET Kafli 20-29 Flashcards

1
Q

Hvaða lönd contributa mest í satellite imagery?

A

USA og Russia

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2
Q

Hvað bætir Doppler við basic radar? detects…

A

particle movement. Lateral motion.

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3
Q

how is the radar signal incoming different when it encounters heavy rain?

A

The signal is stronger

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4
Q

Nefndu nokkra errora við radar weather detection

A

Ground return, shadowing effect, anomalous propagation, interference from sun or other transmitters, wildlife.

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5
Q

Hvað er weather radar að ná til langs svæði í km? (circumference)

A

100-150 km

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6
Q

Anamalous propogation; Bylgjur sveiflast ____ vegna ____ lofts

A

bylgjur sveiflast niður á við vegna þéttaleika lofts

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7
Q

Getur fengið anamalous propogation í ____ layer

A

inversion

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8
Q

Til hvers eru atmospherics notað?

A

locate lightning

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9
Q

Aðferðin í atmospherics til að finna lighting er að nota ____ time difference

A

Arrival

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10
Q

Tvær tegundir satellites eru notaðar í satellite imagery og þær eru..

A

Geostationary og polar orbiting

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11
Q

Hversu hátt er geostationary satellites yfir equator?

A

36,000 km

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12
Q

Hverjir eru kostir geostationary satellites?

A

Sjá 1/3 af earth’s surface og þú getur sett imagery í movie loop.

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13
Q

Hverjir eru ókostir geostationary satellites? (2 hlutir)

A

Less picture resolution og no coverage over the poles due to curvature of the earth.

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14
Q

Polar orbiting satellites, hversu hátt eru þeir yfir jörðu og hversu marga orbita taka þeir á sólarhring?

A

600-1000 km above earth. 14 orbits per day.

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15
Q

Hver er ókostur polar orbiting satellites vs. geostationary?

A

Field of view is less

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16
Q

When using an infra red image, how would a very hot land area be shown?

A

black

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17
Q

How does the weather radar measure the intensity of the precipitation? ____ of returning signal

A

strength

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18
Q

What does weather radar primarily aim to pick up for use in weather avoidance?

a. Flocking birds.
b. Precipitation.
c. Super cooled water droplets.
d. Lightning.

A

b. Precipitation.

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19
Q

Hvað þýðir R23L/P1200 ?

A

RVR er meira en 1200m

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20
Q

Which is more, RVR or visibility?

A

RVR er oftast hærra.

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21
Q

Hvaða græja mælir RVR?

A

Transmissometer

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22
Q

hvaða fjórir þættir eru mældir í “weather hut”?

A

dry bulb, wet bulb, maximum, minimum.

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23
Q

Hvað mælir anemometer og hvar er þetta staðsett?

A

wind, placed on a mast 10m above the runway.

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24
Q

Hvað er AIREP?

A

Routine Air Report

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25
Hvað er PIREP?
Special Air Report
26
Hvað heitir þetta sem er sent upp með blöðru og sendir svo veðurskýrslu til jörðu?
Radiosonde
27
Hvað þýðir MI í METAR?
shallow
28
Hvað þýðir BC í METAR?
Patches
29
Hvað þýðir BL í METAR?
Blowing
30
Hvað þýðir SH í METAR?
Showers
31
Hvað þýðir TS í METAR?
Thunderstorm
32
Hvað þýðir FZ í METAR?
Freezing
33
Hvað þýðir PR í METAR?
Partial. Ef þú sérð PRFG þá þýðir það Fog bank.
34
Hvað þýðir SG í METAR?
Snow grains
35
Hvað þýðir IC í METAR?
Ice crystals
36
Hvað þýðir PL í METAR?
Ice pellets
37
Hvað þýðir GR í METAR?
hail
38
Hvað þýðir GS í METAR?
small hail
39
Hvað þýðir BR í METAR?
Mist
40
Hvað þýðir FG í METAR?
Fog, visibility less than 1000m
41
Hvað þýðir FU í METAR?
smoke
42
Hvað þýðir VA í METAR?
Volcanic ash
43
Hvað þýðir DU í METAR?
widespread dust
44
Hvað þýðir SA í METAR?
Sand
45
Hvað þýðir HZ í METAR?
Haze
46
Hvað þýðir PO í METAR?
Dust/Sand whirls
47
Hvað þýðir SQ í METAR?
squall
48
Hvað þýðir FC í METAR?
Funnel clouds
49
Hvað þýðir SS í METAR?
Sandstorm
50
Hvað þýðir DS í METAR?
Duststorm
51
Hvað þýðir VC í METAR?
In the vicinity
52
Hvernig myndu stafirnir fyrir shallow fog vera í METAR og hvaða skilyrði eru fyrir flokkuninni
MIFG; no deeper than 2m and visibility must be more than 1000m.
53
Hvaða cloud coverage er í FEW?
1/8 - 2/8
54
Hvaða cloud coverage er í overcast?
8/8
55
Hvaða cloud coverage er í BKN?
5/7 - 7/8
56
Hvaða cloud coverage er í SCT?
3/4 - 4/8
57
Hvað þýðir TCU í METAR?
Towering cumulus cloud
58
Hvað nákvæmlega þýðir CAVOK
Ceiling and visibility are OK
59
Hver eru skilyrðin fjögur fyrir CAVOK
1. visibility 10km or more 2. No clouds below 5000' or below minimum MSA 3. No CB 4. No Sig Wx
60
Hvað myndi RERA þýða í METAR?
Recent rain
61
Hvað þýðir WS í METAR?
Windshear
62
In mountain regions wind tend to be more ____ and temperatures
stronger and gusty, lower temperature.
63
Runway Visual Range (RVR) is usually worse/better than meteorological visibility
better
64
Wind directions in a METAR are usually given in? magnetic or true?
true
65
Ef þú sérð í METAR: R27R/P1500 þá þýðir það
Runway 27R, visbility better than 1500m
66
Ef þú sérð í METAR: R27R/1100, hvað stendur 1100 fyrir?
threshold visibility
67
Ef þú sérð í METAR: VV///, hvað þýðir það?
Vertical visibility - unmeasurable
68
Ef hitastig væri -2.5°C, hvernig væri þetta skrifað í METAR máli?
M02
69
Hvað myndi NOSIG tákna í METAR
No weather change
70
Hvað þýðir SPECI?
Special report
71
Hvað þýðir NSC í TAF?
No significant cloud below 5000'
72
Hvað gildir TAF lengi og hversu títt er þetta uppfært?
Gildir í 9 klst, uppfært á þriggja klst fresti.
73
Ef það kemur TEMPO veður, hvað varir það max lengi?
1 klst
74
Hvað þýðir NSW í TAF?
No significant weather
75
Ef það er gerð breyting í TAF með "BECMG" þá þarf vindur að breytast í gráðum m.v. windspeed a) 10-19 kts og b) 20 kts+
a) 60° | b) 30°
76
Where are icing conditions en route specified? a. SPECI and TREND. b. METAR and SIGMET. c. Significant weather chart and SIGMET. d. TAF and METAR.
Significant weather chart and SIGMET.
77
Sérðu upplýsingar um icing í METAR?
Nei
78
What is the best chart for a pilot to find information about the presence of a jet stream?
Significant weather chart
79
On WAFC significant weather charts, jet stream are given flight levels. What does this mean? a. The higest flight level where the winds are more than 60 KT. b. The flight level of the maximum wind in the jet stream. c. The flight level of the mean wind in the jet stream. d. The average height of the jet stream.
b. The flight level of the maximum wind in the jet stream.
80
Where do you find information about icing and clear air turbulence?
Significant weather charts.
81
For what times are WAFS significant weather charts produced? a. 0000 and 1200 Z. b. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 LMT. c. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC. d. Midnight and midday only.
c. 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC.
82
What is the validity time for a WAFC significant weather chart? a. 6 hours. b. For a fixed time only. c. 30 minutes. d. 3 hours.
b. For a fixed time only.
83
Hvað þýðir HVY DS í SIGMET?
Heavy duststorm
84
At what latitude is the snow zone?
65° - 90°
85
Where are the trade winds located?
Between the ITCZ and the subtropical high pressure belt.
86
What is the name of the winds formed by the NE- and SE trade winds?
The Doldrums
87
At what latitude is the Mid latitude zone?
40° - 65°
88
What is the weather like in the Horse latitudes?
Dry and clear (due to influence from the Azores high pressure system). Winds: lights
89
How are the winds at the polar front?
Strong + variable
90
At what latitude is the temperate transitional zone?
35° - 40°
91
Winds at the Ferrell cell are easterly/westerly ?
Westerly
92
At what latitude is the dry zone?
20-35°
93
In the Tropical rain zone, how many rain periods are there?
Two zones; March-May and November-December.
94
Ef hitastig er -57°C í FL390, hvað er ISA?
15-(2*36)=-57 => ISA=0. | Þú mátt ekki lækka hitastig meira eftir 36,000 ft (tropopause er þar og loft kólnar ekki meira).
95
Hver er formúlan til að finna út FL?
-24000*ln^(pressure/1013)
96
Hver er formúlan til að finna út pressure úr FL?
1013*e(-FL/24000)
97
Hvað gerist fyrir hafsvæði á veturna varaðndi pressure?
Þessi svæði verða low pressure zones, t.d. flæðir loft frá Afríku og Evrópu að Miðjarðarhafi á veturna.
98
In the southern hemisphere, wind is more/less stable because...
Wind is more stable in the SH because of lack of land mass. (Hlýtur verið að tala um vindátt/styrk hérna en ekki almennt stability).
99
Undir Hadley cells, hvort er meira stable veður í eastern part of oceans eða western?
Meira stable í eastern part of oceans. Ástæðan er sú að vindur er easterly og í eastern part of oceans þá er vindurinn tiltölulega nýkominn af landi og því continental (stable), verður svo maritime yfir hafinu og unstable.
100
Under Ferrell cells, the winds are westerly/easterly in NH, how about the SH?
Westerly in both NH and SH.
101
hvað ræður veðrinu á veturna og svo sumrin í Temperate transitional zone?
Summer: Subtropical high Winter: Polar front depression
102
Hvað er annað nafn yfir NE trade winds sem eru í Norður Afríku um vetur?
Harmattan
103
Australia is a high/lower pressure area in June?
High pressure area
104
In North America the weather in summer is governed by the ___ low and the ____ sea current
Canadian low, Labrador sea current.
105
Is the Bermuda High in winter or summer?
Winter
106
The lines on a contour chart join points of equal..
height
107
Ef þú sérð thunderstorm symbol í significant weather chart þá þýðir það auðvitað thunderstorm en hvað tvennt annað þýðir þetta og á hvað háu stigi?
Moderate/severe turbulence og moderate/severe icing.
108
Ef þú sérð isohypse með 500 hPa pressure surface, labelled with the number 552. Þetta þýðir að for all point on the isohypse the...
topography is 552 decameters above MSL.
109
Hvað er ISA temperature í FL360?
-56.5°C. Svo lækkar hitastig bara ekkert meira eftir þetta. Bara "loka" ISA hitastig.
110
Hvernig er veðrið eftir að cold front hefur farið framhjá?
Kalt, better visibility fyrir utan frequent isolated showers.
111
Ef þú vilt skoða hvort þú lendir í turbulence, hvaða kort skoðar þú aðallega?
SWC - Significant Weather Chart
112
Hver eru einkennin á Trend-type METAR?
Það er í því BECMG eða TEMPO
113
Ef þú reportar Ts activity og severe icing during flight og þú gerir report. Hvað leiðir þetta til? Amended forecast? SIGMET? METAR?
SIGMET
114
Stundum er bætt við METAR einhverju sem er meira spá en report, BECMG. Þá verður breyting að vera væntanlega innan...
2 klst.
115
Hvað þýðir 10MPS í METAR message?
10 meters per second = 20 kts
116
What is a SIGMET?
Warning of dangerous meteorological conditions
117
METARS are compiled and distributed with intervals of X hours.
0.5 hours
118
Ceiling miðast við amk X oktas
5 oktas (Scattered)
119
Hvað eru SCT í skýjahulu
3-4
120
Hvað er FEW í skýjahulu?
1-2 oktas
121
Komdu með dæmi um landing forecast
METAR with TREND (ekki bara metar)
122
``` Which of these meteorological messages are normally transmitted in a VHF VOLMET broadcast within Europe? A) METAR b) AIREP c) SPECIAL D) AIRMET E) GAMET F) SPECI G) TAF ```
A) METAR | F) SPECI
123
Hvaða "skýrslur" inniheldur VOLMET?
METAR, SPECI, TAF OG SIGMET.
124
VOLMET has a report for one/multiple airports
multiple
125
Hluti af hvernig skilaboðum er þetta? "VALID 211600/212000 HVY SN 25CM FCST"
Aerodrome warning
126
How long from the time of observation is a TREND in a METAR valid?
2 klst
127
The Polar front is a boundary between the ___ air and the _____ air.
Polar continental air and tropical continental air.
128
Hver er hallinn á warm front?
1:150
129
Hversu langt nær precipitation zone í warm front?
200-300 NM
130
Hvernig ský gætir þú séð í "warm sector" í occlusion?
Stratus, Nimbostratus.
131
Hver er munurinn á anabatic og catabatic fronts?
Anabatic are typical and the Katabatic are less active (fewer clouds due to descending air).
132
Hvað gerist fyrir vind þegar front nálgast
Hann backar (bæði í warm og cold front) og hann eykst líka í báðum.
133
Hvernig er precipitation og visibility eftir cold front
Good visibility but occasional showers.
134
Hvað nær main precipitation zone langt í cold front?
50-100 NM
135
How many days between Polar Front Depressions?
1-2 days
136
Hvað finnur þú á milli tveggja polar front depressions?
Cold temporary anti-cyclone
137
Hvernig þoka myndast í "warm sector" og af hverju?
Það myndast advection fog. Það er hlýtt og rakt loft í warm sector og jörðin hlutfallslega kaldari. Þetta loft kólnar því að daggarmörkum og advection fog myndast.
138
Hver er skilgreiningin á shallow fog varðandi hæð hennar?
"thin layer of fog below eye level"
139
Hvaða climate zone tilheyrir Central Europe?
Mid-latitude climate
140
Hvað er RH í Tropical rain zone?
Relative humidity 80%
141
in the disturbed temperate regions the weather is mainly governed by the _____
traveling frontal depressions.
142
Hvar er tropical rain zone og hvað er að segja um regntímabilin (t.d. hvenær árs)
Tropical rain zone er 0-10°. Tvö rain seasons, March-May (long rains) og svo short rains í Nov-Dec.
143
Hvernig er snow (tundra) climate á veturna?
High pressure, subsoil frozen.
144
Hvað er annað nafn yfir Mediterranean zone?
Temperate transitional.
145
In the Mediterranean zone the winters are ___ and the summers are ___
winters are cloudy, rainy, windy (Polar front depression rules) and summers are hot and dry (subtropical high).
146
Farðu yfir Climate zones frá því efsta og til hins neðsta.
Polar Climate/Snow Zone (65°-90°) Mid latitude/Disturbed temperate (40°-65°) Temperate transitional/Mediterrenan (35°-40°) Dry/Sub-tropical (20°-35°) Tropical transitional/Savannah (15-20°) T
147
Hvernig er coreolis force við poles?
Meira við póla, ekkert við miðbaug.
148
Hefur þú frequent CB's í ITCZ?
149
Between 0°N - 23°N in India, what kind of wind could you expect?
SW Monsoon
150
In July, the ITCZ particularly affect western Africa between X° and X° and the northern coasts of the Arabian sea in July.
10°N - 20°N.
151
A sea breeze has ___ pressure characteristics
low
152
Hvað gerist fyrir overcast layer of stratus clouds (base 200ft) í hæð, þegar líður á daginn og hádegi nálgast, í winter og svo summer?
winter: OCV base 500 ft (lyftist bara smá upp) summer: Sólin nær yfirborði, leysir upp skýjin og þau verða scattered og lyftast hátt upp (3000 ft t.d.).
153
Where can you find a typical freezing level near the ITCZ? What about the main icing zone?
Freezing: FL120 and FL160. Icing: FL160-FL260. | Virðist þurfa að vera kominn ofar til að fá icing.
154
ITCZ reaches it maximum northerly position of X°N in July.
15°N-20°N
155
Trade winds occur only in the lower part of the troposphere and are more pronounced over the oceans/continents.
More prounounced over oceans than over continents.
156
What are the weak inter-tropical convergence zones found in Africa?
The Doldrums.
157
Hvar er mean ITCZ í júlí í longitude við Ástralíu og Japan?
Fer hæst á sumrin og fer þarna upp við Kína.
158
Hvað er SPECI?
Special aerodrome weather report. Issued when a significant change of weather conditions have been observed.
159
Hvað er eftirfarandi kallað: "brief landing forecast added to the actual weather report"?
TREND
160
Hvað gerir þú ef þú ef það er spáð turbulence FL250-FL300
Þú velur að fara fyrir neðan (held að það sé rétt).
161
Í hvaða report myndir þú finna icing information? | A) GAFOR B) METAR C) TAF D) SIGMET
B) METAR
162
Þú átt að spá fyrir um rigningu út frá fjórum spám. Hvaða þætti er best að horfa á? (tvö atriði í svari)
1) Visibility (ef það fer minnkandi bendir það til rigningu) | 2) Low clouds (horfir samt meira á hitt)
163
Hvernig vindur þarf að vera í CAVOK?
Ekkert tilgreint um vind, bara visibility og clouds.
164
Má vera low drifting snow í CAVOK?
Nei
165
What is a SPECI and when is it issued?
Special aerodrome report. Issued when significan changes of weather have been reported.
166
What is the abbreviation for ice particles with a diameter of 4 mm?
PL
167
Hvað myndi R24/M0050 þýða?
RVR braut 24 er 50 metrar að hámarki.
168
Hvað þýðir R36/1100VP1500D ?
Runway 36, visibility er lágmark 1100 og mest 1500 en fer lækkandi (D). P stendur fyrir greater than. Svo kemur 1500 og D sem stendur fyrir að þetta fari minnkandi.
169
``` In which weather report would you expect info on icing on the runway: a) TAF B) GAFOR C) SIGMET D) METAR ```
D) METAR
170
Hvað myndi R12/1000U þýða
RVR Runway 12 er 1000m og increasing.
171
Ef þú átt að spotta high pressure system út frá METAR, að hverju myndir þú leita að í METAR varðandi a) Precipitation b) QNH c) Visibility d) Wind
Þú myndir leita að svæði með engu precipitation, hátt qnh, low visibility og low wind.
172
How is an easterly wave identifiable on a surface weather chart?
As a weak trough.
173
A blocking Omega causes short durations of fine weather, true or false?
False, a blocking omega causes prolonged periods of fine weather.
174
At what latitude can you find the prevailing westerlies?
40°N - 60°N
175
A cold air pool has high/low pressure characteristics? How is visibility?
Low pressure, low visibility
176
Ef þú ert með high pressure zone með cloud base 200 ft í morgunsárið. Hvernig er líklegt að það þróist eftir því sem líður á daginn, ef það er vetur?
Lyftist smá, etv upp í 500 ft, en það er samt OVC ennþá (dreifist lítið úr þessu á veturna).
177
Ef þú ert með high pressure zone með cloud base 200 ft í morgunsárið. Hvernig er líklegt að það þróist eftir því sem líður á daginn, ef það er sumar?
Lyfist verulega upp og dreifist úr þessu, fer úr 200ft í 3000 ft og í stað þess að base sé í 200 ft þá hefur sólin náð að hita upp og dreift skýjunum, orðin mögulega SCT.
178
At about what average geographical latitude is assumed for the zone of prevailing westerlies? a. 80°N b. 30°N c. 10°N d. 50°N
d. 50°N
179
The typical climate in winter and summer for the Mediterranean is: a. Warm at all times of the year, rain in winter. b. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers. c. Cold dry winters, warm wet summers. d. Rain at all seasons, but temperatures relatively warm.
b. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.
180
Which climatic zone would have the highest diurnal variation in temperature? a. Equatorial humid. b. Cold temperate. c. Warm temperate. d. Arid.
d. Arid.
181
The ITCZ is: a. The boundary region between the two monsoons. b. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator. c. A region of calm winds and layer type clouds with much haze. d. The boundary between polar air and equatorial air. Incorrect
b. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.
182
Hvaða climate zone hefur þessa lýsingu: | High all year around, low humidity, high diurnal variation, dust storms and haze.
Sub tropical / Dry zone
183
Farðu með temperate zones frá Tropical rain zone og upp.
Næst kemur Tropical transitional (Savannah) -> Dry (sub tropical) -> Temperate transitional (Mediterranean) -> Mid latitude (Disturbed temperate) -> Snow zone (polar climate)
184
Dust storms and haze are most common: a. With the Haboobs in winter. b. In temperate latitudes. c. In association with the sub tropical anticyclones over land. d. In unstable air with low pressure.
c. In association with the sub tropical anticyclones over land.
185
In Equatorial East Africa, which of the following statements is true: a. It is dry from March to May. b. It has two wet seasons. c. It has one wet season. d. It is frequently affected by dust storms from the Sudan.
b. It has two wet seasons.
186
Considering the North Atlantic region between 30°N and 65°N together with the adjacent land areas during winter, the normal disposition of the main anticyclones at the surface is: a. NE Canada, Iceland b. Siberia, Iceland, Canaries c. Azores, Siberia Correct d. Greenland, Iberian peninsula
c. Azores, Siberia Correct
187
The main weather features in January in Australia are: a. Dry dusty conditions in the north, and convective Cu Cb and thunderstorms in the south. b. Tropical revolving storms moving northwards along the east coast. c. Large Cu due to insolation in the north, southeast trade wind conditions in the south. d. ITCZ in the north with North West Monsoon, cold frontal troughs in the south with.
d. ITCZ in the north with North West Monsoon, cold frontal troughs in the south with.
188
When do the hurricanes off the coast of Florida occur? (Months).
August - October
189
Hvaða stafir væru notaðir ef það væri reykur á flugvelli í METAR?
FU
190
In a METAR when would a gust be reported?
When the maximum gust speed exceeds the mean by 10 kt or more.
191
What does the coding '00000' imply in METAR?
Calm wind.
192
Examine the TAF below TAF LSZH 021019 18007KT 9999 SCT020 BKN100 BECMG 1114 8000 SCT015 OVC020 PROB30 TEMPO 1018 VRB10KTG25 TSRA BRN015 OVC020 = Which of the following aviation hazards can be expected when landing at 1500UTC: a. Mountain waves associated with the strong wind b. Low cloud c. Strong windshear d. Strong anabatic winds blowing along the valley
c. Strong windshear
193
What is the validity time for a WAFC significant weather chart? a. For a fixed time only. b. 3 hours. c. 6 hours. d. 30 minutes.
a. For a fixed time only.
194
On WAFC significant weather charts what do the letters "CB" imply? a. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence. b. Severe icing and turbulence and hail. c. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence and hail. d. Moderate Icing and turbulence.
c. Moderate to severe icing and turbulence and hail.
195
Which of the following criteria would a SIGMET be issued for subsonic flights? a. Thunderstorms and fog. b. Severe mountain wave activity. c. Moderate turbulence. d. Solar flare activity.
b. Severe mountain wave activity.
196
Several aircraft report clear air turbulence at a certain area en route. What actions would be taken? a. ATC should issue a storm warning. b. ATC should close the route. c. A SIGMET should be issued. d. A SPECI should be issued.
c. A SIGMET should be issued.
197
A pilot experiences severe turbulence and icing. Once reported, a competent meteorological authority would issue? a. A SPECI. b. A SIGMET. c. A TEMPO. d. A METAR.
b. A SIGMET.
198
Which of the following statements concerning the intertropical convergence zone is true? a. It is an area of low pressure and low relative humidity b. It does not change its position over the oceans during the year c. It lies totally in the northern hemisphere in July and totally in the southern hemisphere in January d. There are frequent occurrences of CB
d. There are frequent occurrences of CB
199
The ITCZ is: a. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator. b. The boundary between polar air and equatorial air. c. The boundary region between the two monsoons. d. A region of calm winds and layer type clouds with much haze.
a. The region between the two trade wind systems centred on the heat equator.
200
What weather would be typical between 10°N and 20°N? a. Hot dry summers and cool dry winters. b. Hot dry summers and cool moist winters. c. Hot wet summers and hot moist winters. d. Summer rains but dry through the rest of the year
d. Summer rains but dry through the rest of the year
201
At approximately what latitudes would you expect to find the large warm sub-tropical anticyclones? a. 60° b. 10° c. 30° d. 50°
c. 30° | The subtropical high pressure belt moves between approximately 20° and 40° latitude
202
What climatic zone would have the lowest humidity? a. Arid zone. b. Savannah zone. c. Warm temperate zone. d. Equatorial zone.
a. Arid zone.
203
What name is given to the low level wind system between the subtropical high pressure belt and the equatorial trough of low pressure (ITCZ)? a. Doldrums. b. Monsoon. c. Trade winds. d. Westerly winds.
c. Trade winds.
204
From which direction do the trade winds blow, in the southern hemisphere? a. N b. NE c. SW d. SE
d. SE
205
The typical climate in winter and summer for the Mediterranean is: a. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers. b. Rain at all seasons, but temperatures relatively warm. c. Warm at all times of the year, rain in winter. d. Cold dry winters, warm wet summers.
a. Wet, cool winters and warm, dry summers.
206
The Bora is? a. A wind found in France blowing into the Mediteranean. b. A wind blowing from Africa into the Mediteranean in winter. c. A gusty warm wind blowing uphill. d. A gusty cold wind blowing downhill into the Adriatic.
d. A gusty cold wind blowing downhill into the Adriatic.
207
Considering the North Atlantic region between 30°N and 65°N and the adjacent land areas during mid-summer, the predominant pressure systems are: a. Scandinavian high and Azores high b. Azores low and Icelandic high c. Azores high and weak low over NE Canada d. weak low over NE Canada and Scandinavian high
c. Azores high and weak low over NE Canada
208
Considering a route from Lisbon (Portugal) to Freetown (Sierra Leone), the Harmattan is a: a. SW monsoonal wind causing extensive areas of advection fog along the West African coast south of 15°N b. localised depression giving squally winds. c. warm southerly dust-bearing wind affecting the coast of North Africa. d. NE wind affecting north-west Africa during November to April reducing visibility in rising dust
d. NE wind affecting north-west Africa during November to April reducing visibility in rising dust