MET Flashcards
List:
Ingredients of weather and climate
- Ozone (O3)
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
- Water Vapour
- Aerosols
List:
Features of Troposphere
- Air is continually in motion
- Contains 75% of the mass of the Atmosphere
- Throughout this layer temp generally decreases
- Capped by the inversion layer = Tropopause
- Greater at the equator due to the increased heat (as Guy’s law shows increase Temp increase Volume)
Answer:
International Standard Atmosphere:
- MSL temp?
- MSL pressure?
- MSL density?
- And explain Temp Lapse rate
- 15 degrees Celsius
- 1013.25 hpa
- 1.225kg/m^3
- 1.98 degrees Celsius per 1000ft up to 36090ft (11km), then isothermal at minus 56.5 degrees Celsius up to 20km
Answer:
Direction of wind around:
- High pressure system
- low pressure system
- anticlockwise
2. clockwise
Define:
Anticyclone
A region of relatively high pressure shown by at least one or more isobar surrounding a H. Generally fine weather with light and variable winds (isobars far apart).
Define
Depression
A region of relatively low pressure. Isobars are close together thus showing strong winds are present. Conditions are (generally) hazardous to flying conditions.
Define
Ridge
Ridge of high pressure extends from its parent High and has the same characteristics.
Define
Trough
- An extension of isobars from the parent Low.
- Pressure is lower on any point of the trough line relative to the pressure on either side.
- Isobars change direction on either side of trough (winds backs)
- All fronts mark troughs BUT not all troughs have fronts
Define
Cols
- A space in the middle of opposite highs and lows
- light and variable winds
- even pressure
- If cloud present it will be pressed and stretched
- Thus it can potentially create a stationary front, (and if winds are of very different temps), fog or thunderstorms
Define and List
Fronts and associated weather
Mark the boundaries between airmasses with different temp and moisture characteristics. They are usually associated with…
- poor flying conditions
- low cloud
- poor vis
- turbulence
- airframe icing
- And often are accompanied by thunderstorms
List
Types of Fronts
- Warm Front
- Cold Front
- Stationary Front
- Occluded Front
Define
Pressure Gradient
(as indicated by isobars) indicates the strength at which air is moving from one system to another. (e.g strong winds)
Expand:
- AAW
- GRAFOR
- GNZSIGWX
- GSM/SIGMET
- METAR
- SPECI
- METAR AUTO
- TEND
- TAF
- ROFOR
- Aviation Area Winds
- Graphical Aviation Forecast
- Graphical NZ Significate Weather
- Significate Weather info for pilots (warnings, valid for 4hrs but reviewed after 3)
- Meteorological aerodrome report (OH, WN, MF - every hour on the hour, statement of current conditions)
- Special Meteorological Aerodrome Report (not on the hour, issued for significant change in weather)
- Meteorological Aerodrome Report Automatic (every 30min generally won’t give accurate cloud or vis)
- Trend Forecast (valid only for 2hrs issued with METARs, SPECI and METAR AUTOs)
- Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (are only for weather within 8km of aerodrome, valid for 4 hrs)
- Route Forecast
Answer:
What are SIGMETs Issued for
A significant change in... (if occurring between the hour) -Active Thunderstorms (significant rate of strikes) - Sever squall lines -Heavy Hail -Severe Turbulence -Marked Mountain Waves -VA Tropical Cyclones
Expand
- NC
- INTSF
- WKN
- SKC
- FEW
- SCT
- BRK
- OVC
- no change
- intensifying
- weakening
- sky clear
- 1-2 oktas of cloud
- 3-4 oktas of cloud
- 5-7 oktas of cloud
- 8 oktas of cloud
