MET

Question 1

What percentage of accidents are weather related?

Answer 1

About 28%

Question 2

Unit of measurement: Wind - Direction and speed

Answer 2

Degrees and knots - kt

Question 3

Unit of measurement: Horizontal vis/RVR

Answer 3

Kilometres or meters - km/m

Question 4

Unit of measurement: Vertical vis & Cloud base

Answer 4

Feet - ft

Question 5

Unit of measurement: Cloud coverage

Answer 5

Octas - 8th

Question 6

Unit of measurement: Pressure

Answer 6

Hectopascal - hPa

Question 7

Unit of measurement: Temperature + relative humidity/dew point

Answer 7

Degrees Celsius - °C

Question 8

Precipitation Intensity

Answer 8

Intensity (light, moderate, heavy)

Question 9

Unit for density?

Answer 9

Kilogram per cubic meter - kg/m³

Question 10

Where can meteorological services for internation air navigation be found?

Answer 10

ICAO - Annex 3

Question 11

In what order is the information in a METAR given?

Answer 11

Wind, Visibility, Wx (Weather), Clouds, Temp./Dew point, Pressure, TREND/RMK

Question 12

Name the meteorological authorities in order

Answer 12

WAFC -> VAAC -> National Met. Authority (DMI) -> MWO (Aerodrome) -> Aerodrome Reporting Office (ARO)

Question 13

Who sends out METARs?

Answer 13

METAR (MWO/ARO)

Question 14

Where are the WAFCs located?

Answer 14

London and Washington

Question 15

Danish MWOs

Answer 15

DMI Copenhagen = Copenhagen FIR

Kangerlussuaq = Søndre Strønfjord FIR

Question 16

What must MWO prepare and supply?

Answer 16

SIGMETs, AIRMETs and possibly volcanic activity and radioactive materials to its associated ACC/FIC

Question 17

Aerodome and meteorological offices general functions

Answer 17

• Prepare/obtain forecast of local conditions
• Maintain a survey of current local conditions
• Provide briefing and consultation
• Exchange meteorological information

Question 18

Name some of the origins of meteorological info

Answer 18

• Airport equipment
• Weather radars
• Satellites
• Aircraft observations
• Wind profilers

Question 19

What are the interval of octas with the following cloud base indiations FEW, SCT, BKN and OCV?

Answer 19

FEW = 1-2
SCT = 3-4
BKN = 5-7
OCV = 8

Question 20

CAVOK criterias

Answer 20

• Visibility ≥ 10km
• No CB og TCU
• No cloud below 5000’ og MSA (Whichever is the greater)
• No significant weather at or in the vicinity of the aerodrome

Question 21

ISA(international standard atmosphere) criteria

Answer 21

• QNH: 1013,25 hPa
• Temperature: 15°C
• Density: 1,225 kg/m³
• No water vapor
• Pressure lapse rate: 1 hPa per 27ft
• Temperature lapse rate: 1,98°C per 1000ft

Question 22

3 conditions that lower density?

Answer 22

Hot - rise in temperature
Humid - rise in relative humidity
Height - altitude(pressure)

Question 23

3 requirements for the development of thunder cells?

Answer 23

Vand, Instabilitet og Trigger

Question 24

Stages of af thunder cell?

Answer 24

Growing, Mature og Dissepating

Question 25

Characteristics of the growing stage

Answer 25

• Cummulus
• Tilstedeværelse af trigger (processen er startet)
• Kraftig vertikal opdrift
• TCu er slutningen af growing stage
• Stadiet varer ca. 30 min.

Question 26

Characteristics of the mature stage

Answer 26

• CB
• Både vertikal op- og neddrift af vind
• kraftig bygeregn eller hagl
• Ved nedbør trækkes kold luft nedad (micro- /macroburst) og øger instabiliteten
• Stadiet varer ca. 30 min.

Question 27

Characteristics of the dissepating stage

Answer 27

• Regnet tør
• Stoppet af tropopausen (ambolt)
• Kan regenere (ved tilførsel af vand) og slutte sig sammen med andre CB’er (supercelle)
• Stadiet varer op til flere timer.

Question 28

Klassifikation

Answer 28

1. Air masses - Polar maritim luft flyttes og opvarmes over land (konduktion)
2. Frontal - Varm og fugtig luft presses op af koldfront (hyppig i DK)
3. Orographic - Varm og fugtig luft tvinges op af bjerge o.lign.
4. Insolation - Kraftig lokal opvarmning af land

Question 29

Hazards associated with CB’s

Answer 29

• Turbulence
• Hail
• Icing
• Lightning
• Static electricity
• Windshear