MESS: White Blood Cells

Question 1

what is basic breakdown of cells production from haematopoietic stem cell?

Answer 1

• *haematopoietic stem cell** differentiates into:
• common myeloid progenitor OR
• common lymphoid progenitor
• *common myeloid progenitor** differentiates into:
• erythrocytes
• platelets
• myeloblast, which differentiates into:
• basophil
• neutrophil
• eoisnophil
• monocyte
• *common lymphoid progenitor** differentiates into:
• lymphoblast, which differentiates into
• T lymophocyte
• B lymphocyte

Question 2

difference between leukocyte and lymphocyte?

Answer 2

The difference between lymphocytes and leukocytes is that leukocytes are also known as white blood cells. On the other hand, lymphocytes are types of leukocytes or white blood cells. A lymphocyte is defined as a type of white blood cell made in bone and marrow and generally found in lymph tissue and blood.

Question 3

how can u subclassify leukocytes?

Answer 3

• *agranular:** lymphocyte & monocyte
• *granular:** neutrophil, basophil and eosinophil

Question 4

role of basophil?

appearance?

Answer 4

Large dark purple cytoplasmic granules that often obscure the bilobed nucleus

The granules contain:

Histamine (vasoactive substance which promotes vasodilation during inflammation)

Heparin (an anticoagulant which prevents clotting

Question 5

Eosinophil: appearance & function?

Answer 5

Bilobed nuclei with red/orange granules in cytoplasm

Involved in the defence of parasites e.g. helminths (worms) and protozoa.

Raised in allergic responses therefore eosinophilia is usually seen in allergic diseases such as asthma, hayfever and eczema (atopic triad)

Question 6

lymphocyte - appearance & function?

types?

Answer 6

Large purple nucleus and a small rim of surrounding cytoplasm (high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio) and are mainly raised in viral infections.

Two types:

B lymphocytes (mature in bone marrow and involved in antibody production)

T lymphocytes (mature in the thymus and include CD4 T helper Cells and CD8 cytotoxic T cells).

Have the longest life span of any leucocyte since some cells can become memory cells and therefore live for many years.

Question 7

Neutrophil- role and appearance?

Answer 7

Nucleus has 2-5 lobes

Accounts for the majority of leucocytes in the blood (60-70%) and hence are the first cell type to be raised in any type of acute inflammation.

Important in dealing with bacterial infections, therefore there is neutrophilia whenever bacteria infection the body.

Question 8

monocyte - appearance & function?

Answer 8

Kidney Bean shaped nucleus

Turns into a macrophage when it moves from the blood into the tissues.

Involved in phagocytosis and antigen presentation to T lymphocytes in the lymph nodes via MHC molecules

Question 9

Megakaryocyte - function & location?

Answer 9

Location: Bone Marrow Function: Makes Platelets

Question 10

whats a reticulocyte?

Answer 10

Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells produced in instances of increased red blood cell break down e.g. haemolytic anaemias and contain ribosomal RNA which is why they appear blue on the blood film.