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Social Studies 6 > Mesopotamia > Flashcards

Mesopotamia Flashcards

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1
Q

What were four advantages to living in the foothills of the Zagros mountains

A
  1. Mild Weather
  2. Plenty of Rain
    3.Trees to build homes
  3. Rocks to make tools
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2
Q

One Problem in the foothills was too many ______________ and not enough ____________________.

A

people, food

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3
Q

How did farmers living in the foothills solve the food shortage?

A

They moved to the plains between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

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4
Q

What was the region called that the people moved to from the Zagros mountains to solve the food shortage?

A

They lived in Sumer, the plains region of southern Mesopotamia.

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5
Q

What new problem occurred after Sumerian farmers created irrigation systems?

A

They had to maintain the irrigation system across village boundaries

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6
Q

What could happen if the irrigation system was not maintained?

A

The irrigation canals could get clogged with silt.

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7
Q

Why could Sumerian farmers no longer live apart, or in small groups?

A

Sumerian farmers had to work together so all the villages could grow crops and maintain irrigation systems.

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8
Q

What happened to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the spring?

A

The rivers would flood

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9
Q

Why was it difficult to raise crops in Sumer?

A

They had an uncontrolled water supply - there was too much water or not enough.

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10
Q

How did the Sumerians solve the problem of uncontrolled water supply?

A

They built levees and irrigation systems

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11
Q

Identify 3 other ways the Sumerians controlled the water supply?

A

Dams, canals, and reservoirs

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12
Q

What new problem occurred after Sumerian farmers created irrigation systems?

A

Sumerian farmers had to maintain the irrigation system across village boundaries.

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13
Q

What could happen in an irrigation system that was not maintained?

A

The irrigation canals could get clogged with silt

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14
Q

What was the long term result of the Sumerians working together?

A

Sumerians began to live in larger towns and cities.

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15
Q

What did the Sumerians fight over?

A

control of water

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16
Q

How did the geography of Sumer leave the cities unprotected?

A

There were no natural barriers like mountains and rivers.

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17
Q

What did the Sumerians do to protect their cities?

A

They built walls and moats.

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18
Q

Why were the cities of Sumer called city-states?

A

They were like independent countries each with their own set of laws.

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19
Q

What is a scribe?

A

A professional writer

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20
Q

What does barter mean?

A

exchange for other goods without using money

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21
Q

What is the Fertile Crescent?

A

an arc-shaped region in the Middle East, with rich soil which includes Mesopotamia. The land between 2 rivers.

22
Q

Why did irrigation in Mesopotamia lead to an increase in population?

A

Better farming led to a more dependable food supply. More food meant the population could grow.

23
Q

What is Polytheism?

A

belief in more than one god

24
Q

What is a Ziggurat?

A

A pyramid-shaped temple built for their god

25
Q

How did the Achievement of the wheel help the Sumerians?

A

How did the Achievement of the wheel help the Sumerians?

26
Q

How did the Achievement of Cuneiform Writing help the Sumerians?

A

Cuneiform, a writing that used wedge shapes, helped scribes record information.

27
Q

How did the Achievement of a Stable Food Supply help the Sumerians?

A

The plow helped with tilling the soil for farming, and irrigation helped control the water for the crops.

28
Q

How did the Achievement of the use of Bronze help the Sumerians?

A

Bronze was used to create weapons and tools. This replaced stone versions.

29
Q

Why were priests considered so important?

A

Sumerians believed that priests were connected to the gods.

30
Q

How did the kings and priests of Sumer support one another?

A

The kings helped the priests maintain control and protection during the challenging times in the city. The priests put the king in a position of power.

31
Q

How did Trade Improvements help the Sumerians?

A

umerians used the wheel to transport goods. They used sail boats on the river to trade.

32
Q

How was the population of city-states divided?

A

The population was divided into social classes.

33
Q

Describe the positions of men and women in society?

A

Usually men had higher social positions, but women could gain power.

34
Q

Describe the seasonal weather changes in Sumer.

A

During Spring: Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooded the plains
During rest of the year: Sumer was hot, dry, and windy

35
Q

What is irrigation?

A

The process of redirecting water to crops through channels and ditches

36
Q

What is a levee?

A

a wall of earth built to prevent a river from flooding its banks

37
Q

What is silt?

A

fine particles of soil along with riverbank

38
Q

What is an alluvial plain?

A

A flat area of land located next to a stream or river that floods.

39
Q

What is a dispute?

A

A strong disagreement

40
Q

What was found in the center of the city-state?

A

Ziggurats

41
Q

What form of transportation were the Mesopotamians responsible for developing?

A

Wheel

42
Q

First system of writing and their form of writing.

A

Cuneiform

43
Q

What government blend made up Mesopotamia?

A

Monarchy and Theocracy

44
Q

What country makes up the majority of Mesopotamia?

A

Iraq

45
Q

In what part of the world was Mesopotamia once a part of?

A

Middle East and SW Asia

46
Q

Modern day countries where Mesopotamia was once found.

A

Mesopotamia was once found.
Iraq, Turkey, Syria,Iran

47
Q

Define surplus

A

An amount that is above what is needed; extra

48
Q

How did the Mesopotamians use urban planning?

A

They built ziggurats, walls, levees and irrigation systems.

49
Q

Why did people choose to construct their homes near the city center?

A

To be close to temple to leave offerings for their gods.

50
Q
A

Social Studies 6 (1 decks)

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