mesopotamia

Question 1

what were the 4 river valley civilizations?

Answer 1

mesopotamia, egypt, india, and china

Question 2

where was mesopotamia?

Answer 2

between the tigres and euphrates rivers

Question 3

what was the fertile crescent?

Answer 3

land from mesopotamia to egypt that has good soil for farming

Question 4

what was sumer?

Answer 4

world’s first empire with a political and social structure

Question 5

what is a city-state?

Answer 5

city and surrounding countryside under one government

Question 6

what is limited social mobility?

Answer 6

hard to move up the class structure (social order)

Question 7

was slavery acceptable?

Answer 7

forced labor accepted

Question 8

what was the bronze age?

Answer 8

metalworking invented with bronze tools

Question 9

what is polytheism?

Answer 9

belief in many gods

Question 10

what were ziggurats?

Answer 10

temples built to honor the gods

Question 11

what were pictographs?

Answer 11

earliest form of writing using symbols

Question 12

what were cuneiforms?

Answer 12

wedge shaped symbol writing from mesopotamia

Question 13

what did the phoenicians do?

Answer 13

invented the alphabet and traded purple dye on the med. sea

Question 14

what did king sargon do?

Answer 14

conquered sumer after it fell to internal warfare

Question 15

what was hammurabi’s code?

Answer 15

first written law code, known for extremely harsh punishments

Question 16

what was judaism?

Answer 16

first monotheistic religion

Question 17

who was judaism founded by, and where?

Answer 17

founded by Abraham in an area called canaan (main city - jerusalem)

Question 18

who is yahweh?

Answer 18

God in judaism

Question 19

what was the covenant?

Answer 19

belief that yahweh promises the jews ownership over canaan (the promised land) if they followed the torah and the ten commandments

Question 20

what is the torah?

Answer 20

written records and beliefs of judaism

Question 21

what are the ten commandments?

Answer 21

moral and religious rules for judaism

Question 22

what did moses do?

Answer 22

freed the jews from egypt, delivering the ten commandments

Question 23

what was the jewish diaspora?

Answer 23

jews spread out from homeland after being exiled by the babylonians

Question 24

what did the hanging gardens of babylon do for the economy?

Answer 24

shows cultural, architectural, and political achievement

Question 25

what was a shah?

Answer 25

a leader

Question 26

what was toleration in persia?

Answer 26

was okay with people practicing their own traditions if they paid taxes

Question 27

what was persepolis?

Answer 27

great ancient city

Question 28

what was imperial bureaucracy?

Answer 28

organized government

Question 29

what was zoroastrianism?

Answer 29

dualistic religion founded by zoroaster

Question 30

how many gods in zoroastrianism and what were they?

Answer 30

2 gods, one evil and one good fighting for control over you

Question 31

who was xerxes?

Answer 31

leader of persia who wanted to conquer greece

Question 32

what was the battle of thermopylae and what did it do for alexander the great?

Answer 32

greeks (spartans) inhibit persia and make them grow weak, giving alexander the great the opportunity to conquer both civilizations