Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Merril's Chapter 3 > Merrill's Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Merrill's Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

plane

A

a real or imaginary flat surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 fundamental body planes

A

sagittal, coronal, horizontal, oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

median line of the body

A

a line drawn vertically through the center of the chest and abdomen. the body would be divided into equal right and left halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

midsagittal or median plane

A

a longitudinal plane made by cutting from front to back along the median line of the body, and along the sagittal suture of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sagittal plane

A

a longitudinal plane made by cutting from front to back to one or the other side of the sagittal suture, and parallel to the midsagittal plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

median coronal (midcoronal, midaxillary, midfrontal)

A

divides the body into equal anterior and posterior portions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

coronal plane, or frontal plane

A

a longitudinal plane made by cutting lengthwise and from side to side through the head and body along the coronal suture, or parallel to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

oblique plane

A

any plane that does not conform to the previous descriptions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

longitudinal sections

A

those sections running lengthwise in the direction of the long axis of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

longitudinal

A

lengthwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

horizontal / transverse

A

parallel to the horizon, subject upright

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

horizontal (transverse or axial)

A

passes crosswise through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis; dividing it into superior and inferior portions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

transverse / horizontal plane

A

a flat surface made by cutting through the body or part of it crossways, or at right angles to the long axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vertical

A

perpendicular or at right angles to the horizon, subject standing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vertical plane

A

a longitudinal plane made with the subject upright, and the cut made perpendicular to the horizon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A

refers to the back half of the patient or organ. includes bottom of feet and back of hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

anterior (ventral)

A

refers to forward or front part of the body or to forward part of an organ. includes top of feet or palms of hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cephalad / cranial / superior

A

refers to the upper part, or that part toward the head end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

caudal / inferior

A

refers to the lower part, or that part away from the head end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ipsilateral

A

a part on the same side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

contralateral

A

a part or parts on the opposite side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

central

A

mid area or main part of an organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

peripheral

A

parts at or near the surface, edge, or outside of a body part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

medial

A

that part of any structure or organ that lies nearest to the median line of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
lateral
that part of an organ or structure that lies farthest away from the medial line of the body
26
interior / internal / inside
part within or on the inside of an organ
27
external / exterior / outer
part outside of an organ or on the outside of the body
28
superficial
near the skin or surface
29
deep
a part far down or far from the surface
30
proximal
that part of a structure closest to its source or origin
31
distal
refers to parts farthest from the point of attachment, or origin
32
palmar
refers to the front or palm of the hand
33
plantar
refers to the sole of the foot
34
volar
either the palm of the hand or sole of the foot
35
projection
the path of the central ray as it exits the x-ray tube and goes through the patient to the image receptor. how the tube sees you
36
oblique position
the coronal or frontal body plane is not perpendicular, or is not parallel (PA or AP) to the recording medium
37
lateral projection
the central ray enters the side or lateral aspect of the body or body part. a true lateral will always be rotated 90 degrees from a true PA or AP
38
axial projection
longitudinal angulation of the central ray with the long axis of the body 10 degrees or more
39
tangential projection
central ray is positioned so that is skims between body parts or skims the body surface to profile a body part and project it free of superimposition. projections of the head
40
body positions
how you are in relationship to the room. how you are in relation to the IR or table
41
upright
erect or marked by a vertical position, to stand or sit erect
42
supine
lying on the back, face and palms are directed upward
43
prone
lying face down, palms directed downward
44
recumbent
lying down in any position
45
dorsal recumbent
lying on the back
46
ventral recumbent
lying face down (supine)
47
lateral recumbent
lying on the side
48
Trendelenburg
a recumbent position with the body plane tilted so the head is lower than the feet by 30-45 degrees
49
Fowler's position
a recumbent position with the body plane tilted so the head is higher than the feet by 30-45 degrees
50
Sims position
recumbent oblique position LAO
51
lithotomy position
recumbent (supine) position with the knees and hips flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally. modified 45 degrees
52
decubitus
lying down and the central ray is horizontal, or parallel to the floor
53
left lateral decubitus position
lying on the left side, beam horizontal. AP projection
54
dorsal decubitus
lying the dorsal (posterior) surface with the beam horizontal. lateral projection
55
abduction
movement of a part away from the central axis of the body or body part
56
adduction
movement of a part toward the central axis of the body or body part
57
flexion
bending movement of a joint whereby the angle between contiguous bones is diminished. forward bending movement
58
extension
bending movement of a joint whereby the angle is increased. straightening of a joint backward bending movement
59
hyperextension
forced or excessive extension
60
hyperflexion
forced over flexion
61
ulnar deviation (flexion) of the wrist
to turn or bend the hand and wrist from the natural position toward the ulnar side
62
radial deviation (flexion)
toward the radial side of the wrist. to decrease the angle (flex)
63
evert / eversion (valgus)
movement of the foot when turned outward at the ankle
64
invert / inversion (varus)
movement of the foot when turned inward at the ankle
65
supination
to turn the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces forward
66
pronation
to turn the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces backward
67
rotate
to turn around the axis
68
medial rotation
rotation of the arm (or another body part) toward the midline of the body from the anatomical position
69
lateral rotation
rotation of the arm (or another body part) away from the midline of the body from the anatomical position
70
circumduction
to move around in the form of a circle
71
tilt
the movement of the body part whereby the sagittal (longitudinal) plane is angled so it is not parallel with the long axis of the body

Merril's Chapter 3 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions