Mental Health Review Flashcards
What is NMS? What causes it? Main symptoms? What are the life-threatening conditions that can result if going untreated?
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
high doses of antipsychotics or rapid drop of dopamine from abruptly ending meds
fever
muscle rigidity
mental status change
autonomic instability
DIC, renal failure
What is the electrolyte imbalance can lithium create? Why? Signs and symptoms? Client teaching?
hyponatremia
The cell takes up sodium along with lithium
dry lips, muscle twitching, weakness
low sodium diet
What are nursing care strategies when using restraints?
provide a safe environment for clients, staff, and other clients
follow policies
assess for triggers
resond quickly, calmly and in control
encourage client to express feelings verbally
allow client personal space
communicate honestly, sincerely, and nonagressively
avoid accusing or threatening
reassure you’re help to prevent a loss of control
set limits
use physical activity such as walking
inform of consequences
use pharmalogical interventions
4-6 staff members on sight to show appropriate show of force
What are nursing actions following an aggressive/violent episode?
Discuss ways the client can keep control
identify stressors that may have contributed
encourage client to talk about the incident
debrief staff and evaluate effectivenss of actions
document incident with behavior leading up to it, interventions implemented, and response
What are short-term withdrawl manifestations of benzos? What are withdrawl systems after long-term use?
anxiety, insomnia, tremors, dizziness, sweating
delirium, paranoia, panic, HTN, seizures
What is assertive community treatment? (ACT)
nontraditional case management for clients with severe mental illness that is noncompliant with traditional treatment
help reduce recurrent hospitalization
provides crisis intervention
assists with independent living and other resources
ACt works in homes, agencies, hospitals and clinics
What are civil rights still held by those staying in mental health facilities, both voluntarily or involuntarily? And specific rights related to their stay?
right to…
humane treatment
medical and dental care
vote
granting, forfeiture and denial of driver’s liscence
due process of law
right to…
informed consent
refuse treatment
confidentiality
written plan of care
communication with family
respect and dignity
freedom from harm
psychiatric advance directive
provisions for least restrictive care necessary
What is the ethical value of fidelity?
fulfillment of promises
What are cluster B personality disorders? (dramatic, emotional and erratic) How are they characterized?
antisocial: disregard for others, exploiting, lack of empathy, deceit, foes not accept responsibility, manipulative, impulsive, seductive behaviors, trouble with morals, engaging, charming
borderline: instability of affect, identity, and relationships, splitting behaviors, manipulative, impulsive, fear of abandonment, self-injurious, suicidal
histrionic: emotional attention seeking
narcissistic: arrogance, grandiose, self-importance, need admiration, lack of empathy, sensitive to criticism
What are cluster A personality disorders? Characterization?
paranoid: distrustful, suspicious, unfounded belief others want to harm, exploit or deceive
schizoid: emotion detachment, disinterest, indifference to praise or criticism, uncooperative
schizotypal: odd beliefs, interpersonal difficulties, eccentric, magical thinking, perceptual distortions
What are cluster C personality disorders? Characterization?
avoidant: social avoidance, fear of rejection, anxiety, feeling of inadequacy
dependent: extreme dependency
obsessive-compulsive: indecisive, perfectionist, control
what are AEs of lithium? Lithium toxicity?
N/D abd. pain
fine hand tremors
polyuria, thirst
weight gain
renal toxicity
N/V/D
thirst
polyuria
muscle weakness
tremor
slurred speech
lethargy
blurreed vison
ataxia
seizure
severe hypotension
coma
death
What 2-gen meds are used for Autism, conduct disorder and PTSD?
olanzipine
quetiapine
aripiprazole
How is neglect of vulnerable individuals defined?
failure to provide
physical care: food, clothing, shelter, medical care, safety, education
emotional acre: nurturing, affection, attention
What is regression? what is a maladaptive example of regression?
acting below one’s developmental level
adult angry at work throws an office chair
What are severe effects of cocaine toxicity?
hallucinations
seizure
extreme fever
tachycardia
HTN
chest pain
possible cardiovascular collapse and death
