Mental Health: Anxiety disorders Flashcards
Anxiety disorders will affect approximately XX people in the UK at some point during their adult lives.
1 in 5
2/3 of people with anxiety disorders will have a what?
coexisting psychiatric comorbidity
list 6 risk factors for anxiety disorders?
family history,
childhood adversity,
stressful life events,
personality traits,
female,
younger age
General symptoms of anxiety disorders can be split into what 4 categories?
physical
behaviour
emotional
cognitive
give 3 physical symptoms of general anxiety disorders?
sweaty palms, palpitations, nausea
give 3 behavioural symptoms of general anxiety disorders?
coping strategies such as avoidance, engage in risky behaviour and escaping anxiety
give 3 emotional symptoms of anxiety disorders?
Worry, apprehension, distress
give 1 cognitive symptoms of anxiety disorders?
what if thinking
name the 6 different branches of anxiety disorders?
GAD,
social anxiety disorder,
PTSD,
panic disorder,
OCD
BDD
which anxiety disorder:
Long term, feel anxious about wide range of issues, not just one specific trigger/ event e.g. normal: exams/ driving test.
Feel anxious most days, hard to pinpoint last time felt relaxed
Can cause psychological AND physical symptoms
GAD
which anxiety disorder:
long lasting, overwhelming fear of certain social situations. common, starts in teenage yrs
SAD/ social anxiety
which anxiety disorder is caused by very stressful/ frightening/ distressing life events
Symptoms more unique: relive traumatic event though nightmares and flashbacks.. -> feeling of isolation, irritability and guilt. has triggers
PTSD
which anxiety disorder –> sudden attacks of panic/ fear
panic disorder
which anxiety: px have obsession (unwanted/ unpleasant thought/ image/ urge repeatedly enters mind -> caused felling of anxiety/ unease), then compulsion
OCD
which anxiety disorder is most common in teenagers and involves lot of time worrying about face, body…
BDD/ body dysmorphia`
what scales used to assess generalised anxiety levels?
GAD2 and GAD7- first 2 qs
GAD2 score of 3 = anxiety likely, then use GAD7 score, extra questions, more specialised
name one non pharmacological treatment to be used in conjuction with drugs?
CBT: main treatment, very effective. How what you think affects how you feel and act and that affects thoughts too.
drug choice varies on diagnosis and severity of symptoms. What drugs/ drug classes can be used to increase GABA?
benzodiazepines or pregabalin
benzodiazepines and pregabalin increase GABA. what is it and what does this action lead to?
GABA (inhibitory NT that blocks/ inhibits brain signals and decreases activity in nervous system) produces calming effect when GABA attaches to GABA receptor
benzos give rapid relief of acute anxiety but what is one con associated with their use = not recommended long term?
SEs: addiction and sedation
what does serotonin (inc levels) do?
NT that has influence on mood, emotion, sleep
what drug classes may be used to increase serotonin?
SSRIs, SNRI, TCAs and buspirone
what is the first line drug class for most anxiety disorders and why?
SSRIs as most fvaouable SE profile compared to tricyclics etc
do SSRIs have a fast or delayed effect?
delayed
