Mental Health Flashcards
What is direct discrimination?
Treating someone less favourably because of a protected characteristic
What are protected characteristics?
Age, race, religion, gender, disability, etc.
- Equality Act 2010
What is associative discrimination?
Direct discrimination against someone for associating with someone with a protected characteristic
What is perceptive discrimination?
Discrimination because others think they possess protected characteristics
What is delusion?
Idiosyncratic belief maintained despite being contradicted by reality/rationality
What is hallucination?
An experience involving the apparent perception of something that is not present
What is the ‘mental health pizza’?
BASE - presenting complaint
TOMATO - wider context (drug & medical history)
CHEESE - past mental health history
PEPPERONI - social history
What are the symptoms of depression?
Sadness
Hopelessness
Tiredness
No appetite
What is the basic management of depression?
MILD - exercise, self-help
SEVERE - antidepressants, therapy (^serotonin & NA)
What are the main symptoms of anxiety?
Overwhelming panic
Losing control
Palpitations
Hyperventilation
What are the primary care presentations of anxiety?
Feeling worried
Restless
What is the treatment for anxiety?
Self-help
Therapy
Anti-depressants
Benzodiazepines
What are the symptoms of dementia?
Lack of interest/concentration
Personality change
Depression
What is the cognitive assessment process for dementia?
Take history (family member)
Physical examination
Test mental abilities (eg. questions)
What is Alzheimer’s?
Most common form of dementia
- Gradual death of brain cells
What is vascular dementia?
Dementia due to impaired blood supply (eg. small strokes)
What is the treatment for dementia?
No cure but can reduce symptoms (eg. stop smoking)
What are the features of delirium?
Decreased consciousness
Decreased cognition
Disorientation
What is the assessment for delirium?
Disturbed attention
Changed cognition
How is delirium managed?
Supportive therapy
Adequate nutrition
Antipsychotics
What are the symptoms of alcohol misuse?
Neglecting responsibility
Legal problems
Drinking to distress
How is alcohol misuse diagnosed?
Family/friend referral, denying help, jobless..
How are people screened for alcohol misuse?
AUDIT - alcohol use disorder ID test
FAST - fast alcohol screening test
What are the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Anxiety
Shakiness
^ Heart rate
-Potentially life threatening
What is the basic treatment for alcohol misuse?
Detoxification
Counselling
Medication (chlordiazopoxide)
