Mental health Flashcards
ADHD
symptoms
diagnosis
management
careless mistakes in school/work
difficulty maintaining attention, organisation, forgetfulness, excessive talking
school aged/ >6 years
methylphenidate 1 st line
- monitor weight and height
<6
behaviour therapy 1st line
methylphenidate 2nd
which antihypertensive can lower mood?
first line treatment for depression?
moclobemide is what type antidepressant?
how long should depression be treated for?
beta blocker
SSRIs -> fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram. but in mild depression, CBT, exercise and watchful waiting are preferred
RIMA
1st episode = minimum 6 months
2nd episode = at least 2 years
for severe anxiety, how long can benzos be used?
which benzodiazepine causes most issues with withdrawal?
2-4 weeks
dose must be reduced in steps of 1/8th every fortnight
Lorazepam (shortest half life)
treatement for early psychosis
low dose aripiprazole (always start low, also has less side effects than olanzapine)
Alzheimers RFs
what percentage of people with dementia have alzheimers?
state 2 tests used to assess cognition
FH, head injury, smoking
being female = better prognosis
65%
MMSE
ACE-III
Bulimia
physical consequences?
best management?
hypokalemia, hypocalcaemia, hypotension and a decreased red blood cell count.
CBT
what section is used to transfer a prisoner to hospital?
alongside this section, who has authority to apply a restriction order?
what tool can be used to assess level of risk to others?
what tool is used to assess for psychopathic traits?
section 48
The ministry of justice
HCR-20
PCL-R
name the different types of sections and their use
Section 2 is used for the purpose of assessment and treatment (lasting up to 28 days). Section 3 is used for treatment (lasting up to 6 months, with the possibility of renewal). In this case, further assessment is not necessary as the patient has already been in hospital informally for a period and a treatment plan has been identified.
Section 5.2 = doctor’s holding power (Max 72 hours).
Section 5.4 = nurse’s holding power (Max 6 hours).
Section 17 is used during section 2 or 3 for trial leave.
Section 136 is used by the Police to take a mentally disordered person from a public place to a place of safety.
which antispychotics are less likely to causes EPS?
Atypical -> eg risperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine
types of auditory hallucinations
thought echo - other people are saying their thoughts
3rd person - running commentary eg hes taking his coat off, hes doing this and that
“i hear voices in my head” alone, without responding to external stimuli is unlikely to be true hallucinations
organic causes of psychosis?
Vascular - CVA
Infections - Meningitis, encephalitis
Traumatic - brain injury
Metabolic - B12 Deficiency
Graves disease - > thyrotoxic crisis -> clues include not taking medication, hot, shaking
schizophrenia (paranoid, hebephrenic etc)
key symptoms?
describe the first rank symptoms
negative symptoms- anhedonia, avolition, affective blunting
disorganized symptoms - bizzare motor actvity and emotional responses
psychotic symptoms
psychomotor symptoms - catatonia (treated with IM lorazepam)
first rank symptoms
- specific auditory hallucinations = thought echo (hearing thoughts spoken alound), 3rd person hallucinations (running commentary, voices discussing patient).
- thought interference - withdrawal, insertion, interruption, broadcasting
- passivity (feelings, impulses, actions controlled by external force) including somatic passivity (sensations on body controlled by external forces)
- delusional perception
psychosis
family therapy
CBT
social interventions - supported accommodation, supported employment
wellbeing support- eat healthy, physical activity, stop smoking
Schizophrenia
how long must symptoms be present according to ICD-11
1 month
Maternal OCD
thoughts or images of them or others harming baby
