menstrual cycle, spematofenesis and sexual cycle Flashcards
Response to secual stimuli wheter psycholigal in froms of sexual thoughts or fantasies or physical in the from of physical stimulation
EXCITEMENT
Muscle tension
* Heart rate quickens and breathing is accelerated
* Skin may become flushed( blotches of redness appear on the chest and back
* Nipple become hardened or erect
* Blood flow to the genitals increases, resulting in swelling of the woman’s clitoris and labia minora, and erection of man’s penis
* Vaginal lubrication begins
* The woman’s breasts become fuller and the vagina walls begin to swell
* Man’s testicles swell, his scrotum tightens, and he begins secreting a lubricating liquid
* Increase in heart rate, blood pressure
* Process of vasocongestion occurs (more blood if flowing out of the penis than is flowing out that results as an erection
* Excitement palang may erection na
* In response to sexual stimuli wheter psychological in forms of physical stimulation
EXCITEMENT
This phase represents the time between the initial arousal and exitement
PLATEAU
Changes begun in phase 1 intensified
* Vagina continue to swell from increased blood flow, and the vaginal walls turns to dark purple
* Woman’s clitoris becomes highly sensitive (may even be painful to touch) and retracts under the clitoral hood to avoid direct stimulation from the penis
* Man’s testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum
* Breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure continue to increase
* Muscle spasms may begin in the feet, face and hands
* Muscle tension increases
* Time very short for men in plateau
Represents time between initial arousal and excitement, up until organsm. For many men the plateau phase is very short, but this phase that men can extend as a way of controlling premature ejaculation
* Increase in the size of the head of the penis, color purple
* Cowper’s gland secretes fluid, referred as pre-cum
* Testes move further in towards the body and increase in size
* There may be a sex flush, muscle tension, increase in heart rate and rising blood
* Muscle and feet spasm
* There is a sudden, forceful release of sexual tension
* In women, the muscle of the vagina contracts. The uterus also undergoes rhythmic contractions
* In men, rhythmic contractions of the muscles at the base of the penis result in the ejaculation of semen
PLATEAU
Climax; peak of the sexual intercourse, shortest phase generally last only few seconds
ORGASM
Involuntary muscle contraction begins
* Blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are their highest rates
* Parehas nilang namemeet ang satisfaction
* Muscle in the feet spasm
* Sudden, forceful release of sexual tension
* In women, the muscle of the vagina contract. The uterus also undergoes rhythmic contraction
* In men, rhythmic contraction of the muscle at the base of the penis result in the ejaculation of semen
* A rash or sex flush may appear over the entire body
* In the first stage: contractions in vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and the prostate cause seminal fluid(come or ejaculate) to collect in a pool at the base of the penis, in the urethra. This collection is usually felt as “tickling” type sensation
ORGASM
The body slowly returns to its normal level of functioning, and swelled and erect body parts return to their previous size and color.
RESOLUTION
- Phase is marked by a general sense of well-being, enhanced intimacy and often fatigue.
- Some women are capable of rapid return to the orgasm phase with further sexual stimulation and experienced multiple orgasm
- Men need recovery time for orgasm called refractory period during which they cannot reach orgasm again
- A general feeling of relaxation
RESOLUTION
the release of sprem cells and seminal plasma from the male reproductive system.
EJACULATION
Periodic uterine bleeding in response to cyclic hormonal changes.
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
The first menstrual period of girls
MENARCHE
Cessation of menstrual cycle
MENOPAUSE
The time of following menopasuse
POSTMENOPAUSE
The time when menopausal changes are ocuuring
PREMENOPAUSAL
Average internal of a normal menstrual cycle is ____ days
28
Average duration of menstrual cycle
3-7
Average beggining of mestrual cycle
12 or 13
Amount of flow
25-50ml
Color of menstrual flow
dark red
Odor of menstrual flow
marigold
- menstrual bleeding, menses, period
discharge of bloody fluid containing endometrial cells, glandular
secretions and blood cells, lasts 3 -5 days result of the previous menstrual cycle - due to strong vasoconstriction and proteolytic activity, functional
stratum of endometrial tissue dies and is discharged during
menstrual bleeding
-Endometrium becomes very thin, but due to low estrogen levels,
hypophysis secretes more FSH
FSH stimulates secretion of estrogen, and estrogen serves as
proliferation signal to the endometrial basal layer
MENSTRUAL PHASE
-Due to the rise of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) during the first days of
the cycle, several ovarian follicles are stimulated
-Follicles compete with each other for dominance
The follicle that reaches maturity is called a Graafian follicle
-As they mature, the follicles secrete increasing amounts of estrogen, which
thickens the new functional layer of endometrium in the uterus
-Estrogen also stimulates crypts in the cervix to produce fertile cervical
mucus
-At the end of this phase ovulation occurs
FOLLICULAR PHASE
-During the follicular phase, estrogen suppresses production of
luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland
-When the ovum has nearly matured, levels of estrogen reach a
threshold above which they stimulate production of LH (positive
feedback loop)
-The release of LH matures the ovum and weakens the wall of the
follicle in the ovary, causing the fully developed follicle to release its
secondary oocyte
-After being released from the ovary, the ovum is swept into the
fallopian tube
OVULATION
. Corpus luteum: solid body formed in an ovary after the ovum
has been released into the fallopian tube
- Produces significant amounts of progesterone, which plays
a vital role in making the endometrium receptive to
implantation of the blastocyst
◦ High levels of E and P suppress production of FSH and LH
that the corpus luteum needs to maintain itself
◦ Falling levels of progesterone trigger menstruation and the
beginning of the next cycle
LUTEAL PHASE
Absence of menstrual flow
AMENORRHEA
Painful menstruation
DYSMENORRHEA
Less amount of menstrual flow
OLIGOMENORRHEA
Too frequent menstruation
POLYMENORRHEA
Excessive menstrual bleeding
MENORRHAGIA
Bleeding between periods
METROTRHAGIA
Abnormally short
menstruation
HYPOMENORRHEA