Menstrual Cycle

Question 1

What is the role of oestrogen in females?

Answer 1

Beginning of menstrual cycle
Body mass increases and redistributed to hips and breasts
Development of sexual organs
Voice slowly deepens
Body hair develops

Question 2

What is the role of testosterone in males?

Answer 2

Production of sperm
Growth of sexual organs
Body hair
Body mass and muscle mass increase
Voice breaks
Development of sexual drive

Question 3

What happens during the menstrual cycle?

Answer 3

1-5: menstrual flow
6-13: egg maturation. Repair of endometrium
14: ovulation
15-17: fertilisation possible. Growth in endometrium
18-28: wo fertilisation eggs dies. Endometrium breaks down at end of cycle

Question 4

What does testosterone do?

Answer 4

In males and females

Key role in puberty, developing sexual organs and inspiring hair growth

Question 5

What are the hormones in the menstruales cycle?

Answer 5

FSH- egg maturation. Causes…
Oestrogen- repair of endometrium. Stops FSH. Causes…
LH- ovulation. Positive effect of oestrogen. Causes…
Progesterone- growth of endometrium. Stops LH

Question 6

What is positive/negative feedback?

Answer 6

When an effect is enhances/stopped by its own influence

Question 7

What are types of hormonal contraception?

Answer 7

Oral- has progesterone or progesterone and oestrogen ∴ egg maturation and ovulation can’t take place
Implant- under skin, up to 3 yrs, progesterone. + no need to take every day -insertion under skin. Irregular periods
Patch- on skin, every week for 3 weeks, oestrogen and progesterone. + only every week, not every day - side effects

Question 8

How does fertility treatment work?

Answer 8

• caused by low LSH levels ∴ contains FSH or stimulates its production

Question 9

How do hormone levels change in pregnancy?

Answer 9

Egg fertilised ∴ corpus luteum doesn’t break down ∴ progesterone continues