Menopause Flashcards
Define pre, peri and postmenopause
Premenopause - regular periods
Perimenopause - irregular periods
Postmenopause - no periods >12 months
What is the average age of menopause in the UK?
51 years old
What is classed as early menopause?
40-44 years old
What is classed as Premature Ovarian Insufficiency?
Menopause <40 years old
On average how long do menopause symptoms last?
7 years
Name the menopause symptoms
Mood swings, night sweats, hot flushes, weight gain, fatigue, sexual problems, UTI, dry skin/hair, memory loss, aches/pains
What happens to FSH in perimenopause?
Fluctuates
What are the indications for measuring FSH?
- women >50 on hormonal contraception who want to stop
- > 45 with atypical symptoms
- 40-44 years old with menopausal symptoms/iatrogenic amenorrhoea
How are FSH tests conducted?
2 tests 6 weeks apart
When would E2, TFT, prolactin and FAI be measured in addition to FSH?
<40 years old
<35 years old and chromosomal/autoimmune condition
Describe the lifestyle advice for menopause
Healthy diet, weight management, exercise, good sleep hygiene, no smoking, limited alcohol/caffeine, reduce stress, CBT
What environmental factors can help with menopause symptoms?
Ventilation, temperature, suitable clothes, fans, cooling spray
State some non-hormonal therapies that can help with menopause
Herbal - st john’s wort
Complementary - homeopathy, hypnotherapy
Non-hormonal - antidepressant
Fanny magnet
What are the benefits of HRT?
Symptomatic relief Increased quality of life Better mental health Better sexual health Reduced risk of osteoporosis Reduced CVD until 60 years old Prevents and treats atrophy
What are the risks of HRT?
Increased risk of breast cancer
Increased VTE risk
Increased CVD risk over 60 years old