Meniere's disease Flashcards
What is Meniere’s disease?
Meniere’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear of unknown cause, characterised by excessive pressure and progressive dilation of the endolymphatic system.
Who is more commonly affected by Meniere’s disease?
It is more common in middle-aged adults but may be seen at any age. The prevalence is similar in both men and women.
What are the main features of Meniere’s disease?
Features include recurrent episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, and sensorineural hearing loss, with vertigo usually being the prominent symptom.
What sensation is commonly associated with Meniere’s disease?
A sensation of aural fullness or pressure is now recognised as being common.
What are other features of Meniere’s disease?
Other features include nystagmus and a positive Romberg test.
How long do episodes of Meniere’s disease last?
Episodes last from minutes to hours.
Are symptoms of Meniere’s disease typically unilateral or bilateral?
Typically, symptoms are unilateral, but bilateral symptoms may develop after a number of years.
What is the natural history of Meniere’s disease?
Symptoms resolve in the majority of patients after 5-10 years, but most will be left with some degree of hearing loss, and psychological distress is common.
What is required for the management of Meniere’s disease?
ENT assessment is required to confirm the diagnosis.
What should patients inform the DVLA about?
Patients should inform the DVLA and cease driving until satisfactory control of symptoms is achieved.
What is the treatment for acute attacks of Meniere’s disease?
Acute attacks can be treated with buccal or intramuscular prochlorperazine, and admission is sometimes required.
What preventive measures may benefit patients with Meniere’s disease?
Prevention may include betahistine and vestibular rehabilitation exercises.
