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Principles Of Genetics > Mendellian Genetics > Flashcards

Mendellian Genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Hereditary material in all life forms except some types of viruses in which RNA is hereditary material

A

DNA

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2
Q

Postulated the existence of particular factors now called genes to explain how traits are inherited.

A

Gregor Mendel

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3
Q

Alternate form of genes. Accounts for heritable differences among individuals

A

Alleles

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4
Q

Elucidated the structure of DNA, a macromolecule composed of two complementary chains of nucleotides

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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5
Q

Genes are studied by following the inheritance of traits in crosses between different strains of an organism

A

Classical genetic analysis

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6
Q

Genes are studied by isolating, sequencing, and manipulating DNA and by examining the products of gene expression

A

Molecular genetic analysis

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7
Q

Genes are studied by assessing the variability among individuals in a group of organisms

A

Population genetic analysis

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8
Q

Cross fertilization experiments where one trait is being studied

A

Monohybrid crosses

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9
Q

Two forms of inherited Mendelian traits

A

Dominant and recessive

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10
Q

Factors studied by Mendel

A

Genes

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11
Q

Each form of a gene

A

Allele

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12
Q

Two copies of an allele in a diploid individual

A

Homozygous

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13
Q

One dominant and one recessive allele in an individual

A

Heterozygous

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14
Q

Genetic or allelic makeup of an individual

A

Genotype

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15
Q

Physical appearance due to genotype.

A

Phenotype

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16
Q

The cellular structures where genes reside

A

Chromosomes

17
Q

Complex molecules that comprise genes

A

Nucleic acids

18
Q

Elementary building blocks of nucleic acids. Contains a sugar molecule, a phosphate molecule, and a nitrogen containing molecule.

A

Nucleotides

19
Q

Distinguishes DNA from RNA

A

Nitrogen containing base

20
Q

Nitrogenous bases contained in RNA

A

Adenine guanine cytosine and uracil

21
Q

Nitrogenous bases found in DNA

A

Adenine guanine cytosine and thymine

22
Q

Collection of DNA molecules that is characteristic of an organism

A

Genome

23
Q

Elementary coding units within a gene

A

Codon

24
Q

Collection of all different proteins in an organism

A

Proteome

25
Q

Second stage in expression of a genes information

A

Translation

26
Q

1st stage of genetic information expression. Produces RNA molecule

A

Transcription

Principles Of Genetics (2 decks)

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