Mendelian Inheritance Flashcards
Trait
a version of an inherited characteristics such as eye colour, hair colour
Gregor mendel performed experiments on pea plants
Why were pea plants his choice of study
- Peas reproduce quickly
- peas have both male and female reproductive organs
- peas are self and cross-fertilizing
The 7 traits he studied were
- Seed shape
- Flower shape
- Pod shape
- Stem length
- Seed colour
- Flower position
- Pod colour
He cross pollinated purple and white flowers which resulted in the F1 generation being..
all purple
when self pollinating the purple flowers he got…
75% purple flowers
and 25% white flowers
Homozygous
a genotype in which the alleles of a pair are the same (AA,aa)
Heterozygous
a genotype in which the alleles of a pair are different (Aa)
The dominant trait will be expressed if
- 2 dominant factors ( homozygous dominant) are present (AA)
- 1 dominant and 1 recessive factor(heterozygous dominant) is present (Aa)
Reccesive is only expressed if 2 recessive factors are present (homozygous recessive) (aa)
Allele
a specific form of a gene (either dominant or recessive)
Genotype
the genetic makeup of an individual
Phenotype
the physical appearance of a particular gene
Punnett squares
show us genotypes
Monohybrid
crossing of one trait
Dihybrid cross
Cross thats shows the possible offspring for two traits
Alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation
the allele for plant height does not influence the allele for seed colour
