Mendelian and Non-Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

is the idea that
genetic material from the two parents blends
together (like blue and yellow paint blend to
make green)

Answer 1

The “blending” hypothesis

Question 2

is the idea that
parents pass on discrete heritable units
(genes)

Answer 2

The “particulate” hypothesis

Question 3

There are many varieties with distinct heritable
features, or ___________ (such as flower color);

Answer 3

characters

Question 4

character variants (such as purple or white
flowers) are called

Answer 4

traits

Question 5

(plants that produce offspring of the same
variety when they self-pollinate)

Answer 5

True-breeding

Question 6

In a typical experiment, Mendel mated two
contrasting, true-breeding varieties, a process
called

Answer 6

Hybridization

Question 7

The true-breeding parents are the

Answer 7

P generation

Question 8

The hybrid offspring of the P generation are
called the

Answer 8

F1 generation

Question 9

When F1 individuals self-pollinate, the __ __________is produced

Answer 9

F2 generation

Question 10

What Mendel called a “_______ _______” is what
we now call a gene

Answer 10

heritable factor

Question 11

alternative versions of a gene are now
called

Answer 11

alleles

Question 12

alternative versions of
genes account for variations in inherited
characters

Answer 12

first concept

Question 13

for each character
an organism inherits two alleles, one from each
parent

Answer 13

second concept

Question 14

if the two alleles at a
locus differ, then one (the dominant allele)
determines the organism’s appearance, and
the other (the recessive allele) has no
noticeable effect on appearance

Answer 14

third concept

Question 15

The fourth concept, now known as the ___ __ ___________ states that the two alleles for a
heritable character separate (segregate) during
gamete formation and end up in different
gametes

Answer 15

law of segregation

Question 16

a
diagram for predicting the results of a genetic
cross between individuals of known genetic
makeup

Answer 16

Punnet square

Question 17

physical
appearance,

Answer 17

phenotype

Question 18

genetic
makeup

Answer 18

genotype

Question 19

individuals that are
heterozygous for one character

Answer 19

monohybrids

Question 20

A cross between such heterozygotes is called a

Answer 20

monohybrid cross

Question 21

Crossing two true-breeding parents differing in
two characters produces

Answer 21

dihybrids

Question 22

a cross between F1 dihybrids,
can determine whether two characters are
transmitted to offspring as a package or
independently

Answer 22

dihybrid cross

Question 23

states that
each pair of alleles segregates independently
of each other pair of alleles during gamete
formation

Answer 23

law of independent assortment

Question 24

occurs when
phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant
homozygote are identical

Answer 24

Complete dominance

Question 25

the phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties

Answer 25

incomplete dominance

Question 26

two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways

Answer 26

codominance