Mendel’s Experiment And Law Of Probability Flashcards
How does Mendel pollinate the plants?
By taking the pollens(male gametes) from one plants and put in in the stigma which then reaches to the ova(female gamete)
What are alleles, phenotypes and genotypes?
Alleles=genes variations
Phenotype-physical observable traits Genotype-combination of alleles
Do alleles only exist in dominant and excessive forms?
No. Incomplete dominance (pink flowers from cross pollination of red and white flowers). Codominance(MN blood group) and multiple alleles forms also exist.
What are monohybrids, dihybrids, trihybrids and so on?
A monohybrid cross is defined as the cross happening in the F1 generation offspring of parents differing in one trait only. A dihybrid cross is a cross happens F1 generation offspring of differing in two traits
What is test crossing?
Mendel’s wants to know organisms showing dominant characteristics are homozygous or heterozygous so he crosses the organisms with homozygous recessive
What is incomplete dominance?
Organism showing the blended phenotype of the parents as in snapdragon
What is codominace
A variation of incomplete dominance,
Both of the alleles expressed equally in the heterozygote.
How does plasmodium falciparum become reisistant to malaria drugs?
P.falciparum has only one allele to express their genes. One resistant mutant allles of the dhps gene= parasite becomes resistant to malaria drug.
What is X lined genes?
When the gene being examined is present on the X chromosomes but not on Y chromosome, it is called X linked genes.
Eg,eye colors in drosophila, hemophilia in humans, red green color blindness, muscle dystrophy
When the mom carries the homozygous recessive genes, what happen to the sons?
The son will 100 percent inherit that recessive genes. XY(X-recessive)
When will the daughter show the recessive genes in X linked genes inheritance?
When the mom is homozygous recessive or heterozygous recessive and when the dad carries the recessive genes.
Female-expresses recessive genes only when they receive two recessive alleles from both of their parents.
What is Mendel’s law of segregation?
In meiosis, gamete formation, each of the gamete is equally likely to get one of the two alleles .
What is law of independent assortment?
When the alleles are assorted into gametes, genes do not interfere with each other, every possible combinations of every genes is equally likely to occur.
What genes variates law of independent assortment?
Very close genes on a chromosome in their closed proximity are linked together. Linked genes variates law of independent assortment.
What is epistasis?
The interaction between each genes is a antagonistic, one gene masks or interferes with the expression of other/
