Mendel and the Gene Idea

Question 1

the idea that genetic material contributed by parents mix

Answer 1

blending hypothesis

Question 2

parents pass on discrete heritable units

Answer 2

particulate hypothesis

Question 3

documented a particulate mechanism of inheritance through his experiments with garden peas

Answer 3

Gregor Mendel

Question 4

By breeding garden peas, mendel discovered the

Answer 4

basic principles of heredity

Question 5

A heritable feature

Answer 5

character

Question 6

A variant of a character

Answer 6

trait

Question 7

The mating of two contrasting, true- breeding varieties

Answer 7

hybridization

Question 8

The variation in inherited characters, alternative version of genes

Answer 8

alleles

Question 9

allows is to determine the genotype of an organism with the dominant phentoype

Answer 9

testcross

Question 10

law of segregation

Answer 10

monohybrid/ single trait

Question 11

law of independent assortment

Answer 11

dihybrid/ two characters

Question 12

States that the probability that two or more independent events will occur together is the product of the individual probabilities

Answer 12

multiplication rule

Question 13

Sates that the probability that an one of the two or more exclusive event will occur is calculated by adding together their individual probabilities

Answer 13

rule of addition

Question 14

Applying the can ___

Answer 14

predict the outcome of crosses involving multiple characters

Question 15

Occurs when the phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical

Answer 15

Complete dominance

Question 16

Two dominant alleles the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways

Answer 16

Codominance

Question 17

The phenotype F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties

Answer 17

Incomplete dominance

Question 18

Lead to synthesis of different proteins that produce a phenotye

Answer 18

dominant and recessive alleles

Question 19

A gene has multiple phenotypic effects

Answer 19

pleiotropy

Question 20

A gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus

Answer 20

epistasis

Question 21

Vary in the population along a continuum

Answer 21

quantitative characters

Question 22

An additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotype

Answer 22

polygenic inheritance

Question 23

Phenotypic range of a particular genotype influence by environment

Answer 23

norm of reaction

Question 24

Influenced by both genetic and environmental factors

Answer 24

multifactorial characters

Question 25

A family tree that describes the interrelationship of parents and children across generation

Answer 25

pedigree

Question 26

Heterozygous individuals who carry the recessive allele but are phenotypically normal

Answer 26

Carriers

Question 27

Recessively inherited diseases

Answer 27

Cystic fibrosis and Sickle-cell disease

Question 28

Mating between relatives

Answer 28

consanguineous matings

Question 29

A form of dwarfism that is lethal

Answer 29

achondroplasia

Question 30

Degenerative disease of the nervous system

Answer 30

Huntington’s disease

Question 31

Can provide information to prospective parents concerned about family history

Answer 31

Genetic counselors

Question 32

Genetic Testing- the liquid that bathes the fetus is removed and tested

Answer 32

amniocentesis