Men's Health Flashcards
Androgens: medications
- major engogenous androgen: testosterone
1) prototype = testosterone (Andronaq-50, Testred)
2) other medications = - testolactone (Teslac)
- testosterone pellets (Testopel)
Androgens:
expected action
1) develop sex traits in men
2) production and maturation of sperm
3) increase in skeletal muscle
4) increase in synthesis of erythropoietin
5) replacement therapy: alleviate some menopausal symptoms in women
Androgens:
therapeutic uses
1) delayed puberty in boys
2) hypgonadism in males
3) androgen replacement in testicular failure
4) postmenopausal breast cancer
Androgens:
adverse effects
1) androgenic effects:
women:
-irregularity or cessation of menses
-hirsutism
-weight gain
-acne
-lowering of voice
-growth of clitoris
-vaginitis
-baldness
boys/men:
-acne
-priapism
-increased facial/body hair
-penile enlargement
2) epiphyseal closure:
-premature closure of epiphysis in boys may reduce height
3) cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
4) hypercholesterolemia
-decreased HDL
-increased LDL
Androgens:
nursing intervention/client education
1) instruct of possible adverse effects
2) report adverse effects
3) medication may be discontinued to prevent permanent changes
4) monitor epiphysis with x-rays
5) monitor for yellowing of skin and sclera of eyes
6) monitor liver enzymes
7) monitor cholesterol
8) adjust diet
Androgens:
adverse effects
1) increase growth of prostate cancer
2) polycythemia
3) salt and water retention leading to edema
4) high abuse potential
Androgens:
interactions
1) alter oral anticoagulants
2) alter insulin and antidiabetic agents
3) hepatotoxicity from concurrent use w/ hepatotoxic medication
Androgens:
nursing administration
1) inject into large muscle
2) rotate sites
3) monitor in women:
- facial hair
- baldness
- acne
4) use barrier method of birth control
5) reduce cholesterol in diet
6) instruct about risk of abuse potential
5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors: medications
purpose
therapeutic uses
1) select prototype medication = finasteride (Proscar)
2) other medication = dutasteride (Avodart)
3) -decrease testosterone
- reduce prostate size
- increase hair growth
4) -benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
- baldness
5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors:
adverse effects
nursing administration
1) -decreased libido
- ejaculate amount
- gynecomastia
2) -therapeutic effects may take up to 6 months
- pregnant women should not handle crushed or broken medication
- do not donate blood until medication discontinued for at least 1 month
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonists:
medications
1) prototype medication = tamsulosin (Flomax)
2) other medications =
- silodosin (Rapaflo)
- alfuzosin (Uroxatral)
- terazosin (Hytrin)
- doxazosin (Cardura)
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonists: expected action
therapeutic use
1) -smooth muscles of bladder neck and prostate
- affect blood vessels, resulting in lower BP
2) benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonists:
adverse effects
1) hypotension, dizziness, nasal congestion, sleepiness, faintness (more likely w/ nonselective antagonists)
2) problems w/ ejaculation (failure, decreased volume)
Alpha 1 Adrenergic Antagonists:
nursing interventions/client education
1) monitor BP
2) rise slowly
3) do not drive or operate machinery while starting therapy or dose is changed
4) take medication daily
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors:
medications
1) prototype = sildenafil (Viagra)
2) other medications =
- tadalafil (Cialis)
- vardenafil (Levitra)
i. enhanced blood flow to the corpus cavernosum
ii. penile erection
