Memory: The Working Memory Model 24/25 UPDATED Flashcards
The WMM explains which type of memory?
STM
The idea that STM is a unitary store is criticised by what model?
WMM
Who created the WMM?
Baddeley & Hitch
Baddeley & Hitch created what model of memory?
Working Memory Model
The WMM suggests that STM is NOT a …. store like the MSM suggested
Unitary
The WMM has several stores that are all….
Connected
The WMM has several stores that are connected but they also work ….
Independently
The Central executive is a what kind of process?
Attentional
Once the WMM decides what needs to be done, it ….. tasks
Delegates
Delegation of tasks is done by which component of the WMM?
Central Executive
What is the shared name of the components that the central executive delegates tasks to?
Slave Systems
The slave systems are delegated tasks by which component of the WMM?
Central Executive
What does the central executive code?
Any type of information
Coding any type of information is a description of which component of the WMM?
Central Executive
What tasks will the central executive take over?
Demanding or new tasks
Demanding or new tasks will be completed by which component of the WMM?
Central Executive
If you are on your 2nd driving lesson, which component of the WMM is helping you to complete the task of driving the car?
Central Executive
If you are on your 2nd driving lesson, the central executive will be completing the task - why?
It’s new/demanding
What is the capacity of the central executive
Very limited
The central executive has a very limited capacity - why?
It is within STM
The phonological loop is delegated what type of information?
Auditory
Which slave system codes acoustic information only?
Phonological loop
Singing along to your favorite song is completed by which slave system?
Phonological Loop
Reading a book or your Psychology revision cards are completed by which slave system?
Phonological Loop
The central executive delegates acoustic information to the?
phonological loop
Name the 2 parts that Baddeley divided the phonological loop into:
Phonological Store
Articulatory Loop
Which part within the phonological store stores the words we hear?
Phonological store
The Phonological store, stores the …. we …
words we hear
Which part of the phonological loop is the inner ear?
Phonological store
The Phonological store is also known as the?
Inner ear
Which part of the phonological loop is the inner voice?
Articulatory loop
The articulatory loop is also known as the?
Inner voice
Which component within the phonological loop silently repeats words seen or heard?
Articulatory loop
The Phonological loop has a …. capacity?
Limited
The capacity of the Phonological loop is
Limited
The Phonological Loop codes:
Acoustically
The central executive delegates visual information to the
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
The visuo-spatial sketchpad codes which type of information?
Visual
What is the capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
Limited (3-4 items)
Visuo-spatial sketchpad is also known as the
inner eye
What slave system is known as the inner eye?
The Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Giving directions would be controlled by which slave system?
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
The visuo-spatial sketchpad is responsible for which type of tasks? (Name 2)
Visual & Spatial
Logie divided the VSS into:
Visual Cache
Inner Scribe
What is the name of the general store which collects & combines info from all slave systems?
Episodic Buffer
The Episodic Buffer …. and … information from the VSS/PL/CE
Collects and combines
The episodic buffer collects & combines information from the slave systems and records it as an …
Episode
Once the information has been recorded as an episode, it can be transferred to…
The LTM
The Episodic Buffer has a limited …
Capacity
What is the capacity of the episodic buffer?
Limited
Name the 3 slave systems in the WMM
Phonological Loop
The Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad
Episodic Buffer
The slave systems are delegated tasks by the ?
Central Executive
Which case study supports the WMM?
KF
What tasks are used to study the idea that there are separate stores within the STM?
Dual Task Studies
Dual Task Studies are when a participant completes…
2 tasks simultaneously
MCQ1
C & D
AO3 - Research to support the WMM was conducted by Shallice and Warrington on patient KF. What happened to Patient KF?
He suffered with Amnesia
AO3 - RTS the working memory model was conducted by Shallice and Warrington. What did they find?
KF’s recall in STM for digits was very poor when the digits were read aloud to him, but recall was much better when KF could visually see the digits himself.
AO3 - How does KF’s case study research support the WMM?
It shows that there must be different systems within the STM, one to process visual information and one to process auditory information, with the PL being damaged but the VSS intact.
AO3 - Counter argument: Why might KF’s case study research to support be criticised? And why?
Low population validity: case study of only one person with unusual illness which means the findings are difficult to generalise beyond KF to the wider population, as their memory may operate differently.
AO3 - RTS WMM through dual task performance was studied by Baddeley, how do his findings support WMM?
It shows that there are separate slave systems, each with a limited capacity that will get overloaded by competing tasks, supporting the WMM as an explanation of how the STM works.
AO3 - RTS WMM through dual task performance was studied by Baddeley. What did he find?
He found that participants had more difficulty when performing two visual tasks compared to when they completed a visual task alongside a verbal task.
AO3 - Why might other psychologists argue more work needs to be done into understanding the WMM?
There is a lack of clarity over the role of the CE. The CE is said to be a single component of attention but some psychologists believe that it may have several components to it.
AO3 - RTS the working memory model comes from dual task performance. What tasks did Baddeley et al set up?
He gave participants two visual tasks to complete at the same time, followed by one visual and one verbal task to complete at the same time.
