Memory Test Flashcards
To past my Psychology Test!!
Retrograde amnesia
Memory loss for a segment of the past but not for new events
Tip of the tongue
A type of effortful retrieval that occurs when we are confident that we know something but cannot quite pull it out of memory
Prospective memory
Remembering information about doing something in the future; includes memory for intentions.
Amnesia
The loss of memory
Anterograde Amnesia
A memory disorder that affects the retention of new information and events
Retrograde amnesia
Memory loss for a segment of the past but not for new events
Flashbulb memory
The memory of emotionally significant events that people often recall with more accuracy and vivid imagery than everyday events
Retrieval
The memory process that occurs when information that was retained in memory comes out of storage
Motivated Forgetting
Forgetting that occurs when something is so painful or anxiety laden that remembering it is intolerable
Interference theory
The theory that people forget not because of memories are lost from storage but because other information gets in the way of what they want to remember
Explicit memory
the conscious recollection of information such as specific facts or event and at least in humans
Semantic Memory
A persons knowledge about the world including his or her areas of expertise ; general knowledge
Shema
A preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people to organize and interpret information
Procedural Memory
Memory for skills
Encoding
The first step in memory the process by which information gets into memory storage
Levels of processing
A continuum of memory processing from shallow to intermediate to deep with deeper processing producing better memory
Sensory Memory
Memory system that involves holding information from the world
Short term memory
Limited capacity memory system in which information is usually retained for only as long as 30 sec unless we use strategies to retain it longer
Storage
The retention of information overtime and how this information is represented in memory
Preparedness
The species specific biological predisposition to learn in certain ways but not others
Punishment
A consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur
Latent/ implicit learning
unenforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior
Instinctive Drift
The tendency of animals to revert to instinctive behavior that interferes with learning
Spontaneous recovery
The process in classical conditioning by which a conditioned response can recur after a time delay without further conditioning
Operate Conditioning
A form of associative learning in which the consequences of a behavior change the probability of the behavior occurrence
Conditioned response
The learned response to the conditioned stimulus that occurs after conditioned stimulus unconditioned stimulus
Acquistion
The initial learning of the connection between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus when these 2 stimulus are paired
Unconditioned Response
An unlearned reaction that is automatically elicited by the unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that produces a response with out prior learning
Classical Conditioning
Learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response
Observational Learning
Learning that occurs when a person observes and imitates another behavior
Associative Learning
Learning that occurs when we make connection or an association between two events
Behavorism
A theory of learning that focuses solely on observant behaviors discounting the importance of such mental activity as thinking, wishing, and hoping
Stimulants
Psychoactive drugs that increase the central nervous systems activity. The most widely used stimulants are caffeine, nicotine, and amphetamines
Hypnosis
An altered state of consciousness or psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individuals is usually receptive to suggestions
Depressants
Psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity
Activation Synthesis Theory
Theory that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesize neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain.
Suprachiasmic Nucleus(SCN)
A small brain structure that uses the brain input from he retina to synchronize its own rhythm with the daily cycle
Ciradian rhythms
Daily behavioral or physiological cycles. Involves sleep/wake cycle, body temp, and blood pressure
Automatic processes
states of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities
Consciousness
An individuals awareness of external events and internal sensations
Stream of consciousness
William James to describe the mind as a continuous flow of changing
Opiates
opium its derivatives and narcotic drugs that depress activity in the central nervous system
Divided Consciousness View
View that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components
REM SLeep
An active stage of sleep during which dreaming occurs
