Memory: Multi-Store Model Flashcards
Who proposed the Multi-Store Model?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
What is the Multi-Store Model?
representation of how information flows through the memory system
What are the main components of the MSM?
Sensory Register: Short Term Memory: Long Term Memory
What does the sensory register comprise of?
Iconic: Visual: Other sensory stores
What is the Duration and Capacity of the Sensory Register?
Duration: less than 1/2 second
Capacity: High
What is the Capacity of the STM like in the MSM?
limited capacity store of 5/7/9
What is Coding like in the STM of the MSM?
Acoustically
What is Duration like in the STM of the MSM?
remains in STM if well-rehearsed
How can information be kept in the STM?
through rehearsal and applying meaning
What is Capacity like in the LTM of the MSM?
unlimited
What is Coding like in the LTM of the MSM?
semantically
What is Duration like in the LTM of the MSM?
potentially permanent if prolonged rehearsal
What is retrieval?
recalling information from the LTM by transfer back to the STM
Outline the process by which information flows in the MSM
stimulus + attention -> sensory register (echoic and iconic) -> STM + prolonged maintenance rehearsal + maintenance rehearsal loop -> LTM + retrieval -> STM + response
Refer to the supporting Case study of HM and how this is a strength?
HM: hippocampus removed: could not consolidate new memories (transfer from STM to LTM): could recall through rehearsal: ideas of MSM recognised: STM and LTM identified as two distinct stores: high ecological validity
What research support is a strength to the MSM?
-Baddeley determined STM codes acoustically and LTM codes semantically
-exaggerates STM and LTM are independent memory stores as claimed by MSM
-high validity
How is the case study of KF a limitation to the MSM?
-KF STM for digits were poor when someone read aloud but better when he read them himself -suggests multiple processes in STM -STM not a unitary store as implied by MSM
-WMM a more effective explanation -lacks validity
How is Craik and Watkins proposal a limitation to the MSM?
-MSM orientated around prolonged maintenance rehearsal -Craik and Watkins presented ideas of elaborative rehearsal -ER: linking information to existing knowledge -information to LTM not entirely reliant on prolonged rehearsal -alternative explanation, lacks validity
