Memory II Flashcards
What is elaborative processing?
Learning relevant facts will facilitate memory recall
What are the two reasons as to why we forget?
It is caused by decay and interference.
what is decay theory?
Memory traces decay as a function of time.
What is interference theory?
Memory traces become less accessible due to increasing interference from competing memories. As time goes on, you learn more new things, thereby causing more forgetting.
In LTM how is inference related to retrieval?
We make inferences at the time of retrieval. Sometimes we are unaware we are making inferences rather than remembering what was studied. This is an exclusive to retrieval.
What is plausible memory retrieval?
People judge what might be plausibly true instead of trying to retrieve exact facts. In a real-world setting this often works well.
There are scenarios where we are required to separate what we actually learned from our inferences, this is seen mostly in eye-witness testimonies, what is the phenomenon around this type of memory recall?
False memory. People make inferences rather than remembering what they actually experienced, people confuse what they observe about an incident with what they learnt from other sources.
What is the concept of reconsolidation?
A brief, labile stage where the memory can be reinforced or altered. This has become a basis of therapeutic approaches to anxiety and trauma, mostly exposure therapy.
In trauma survivors, what part of memory was accessed in order to reduce the “reconsolidation” of traumatic memories?
Visuospatial memory. Intrusions of memory are primarily visual; selective interference through Tetris interrupted intrusive memories and reduced them in the future.
What is the processing of classical conditioning?
Learning and remembering through association. Through the use of a conditioned stimulus to solicit a conditioned response.
In conditioning and extinction, what is the basis of exposure therapy and extinction learning?
Repeated presentations of a conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus creates a competing memory trace that can supersede the conditioned memory.
What is procedural memory?
A type of non-declarative LTM, it is implicit knowledge about how to perform a task.
