Memory Hooks Flashcards
Gaseous exchange at rest
GASPDD
G = Gas (O2/CO2)
A = Area (Alveoli/Muscle)
S = Special rule (High to low concentration)
P = Partial pressure (PPO2/PPCO2)
D = Diffusion
D = Steep diffusion gradient
Nervous stimulation of a motor unit
MAN-SAYS-ALL
M = Motor neurone + muscle fibre
A = Action potential travels down axon
N = Neuromuscular junction
S = Synaptic cleft
A = Acetylcholine (neurotransmitter)
Y = Why?
S = Signal can pass into muscle fibres
ALL = If signal is high enough, ALL muscle fibres contract. If it is not high enough, NO muscle fibres contract
Recovery from exercise
Seth Rawins is Cool
R - Relief (work:relief) ratio
A = Active Recovery
W = Warm up
I = Intensity
N = Nutrition (protein, creative, carbohydrates)
S = Strategies (time-outs)
IS
Cool = Cooling Aids (ice baths)
Conduction System of the heart
(Cardiac cycle + conduction system)
F, F, I, E, I, I, I, E
Fill = Atria fill (diastole)
Fill = Ventricles fill (diastole)
Impulse = SA Node generates an impulse
Empty = Atria empty (systole) + squeeze
Impulse = AV Node - delay
Impulse = Bundle of HIS -> Bundle branches
Impulse = Purkinje Fibres
Empty = Ventricular systole + eject
Intrinsic control of Heart rate / Venous return
RAMBLE makes you HOT
R = Return of blood to the Right Atrium
A = Atrium wall stretch - Increase firing rate of SA node
M = More
B = Blood for the
L = Left Ventricle
E = EXTRA / Increases force of contraction & stroke volume
HOT = Increase Temperature - increased firing rate -> increased heart rate
Venous Return Mechanism
Mechanisms Given To Maintain Venous Return
M = Muscular Pump
G(T) = Gravity
M = Smooth Muscle
V = Pocket Valves
R = Respiratory Pump
Acclimatisation
When acclimatising you must set up BASE
B = Breathing rate increase
A = Altitude sickness decrease
S = Stroke volume & cardiac output reduce
E = Erythropoietin increases / RBC production increased
Redistribution of blood
Redistribution= REVVVASTibution
R = Receptors (Proprio, Baro, Chemo)
E = Enters
V = Vasomotor Control Centre
V = Vascular Shunt
V = Vasodilation / Vasoconstriction
A = Arterioles / Pre-capillary sphincters
S = Supplying blood / oxygen where
T = Tissue / Organs or Muscles
Mechanics of breathing at rest
DERVAP
D = Diaphragm
E = External Intercostal Muscles
R = Ribs
V = Volume
A = Air
P = Pressure
Inspiration:
D - Contracts / flattens
E - Contracts
R - Moves up and out
V - Increases
A - Moves in
P - Decreases
Expiration:
D - Relaxes / domes
E - Relaxes
R - Moves down and in
V - Decreases
A - Moves out
P - Increases
Mechanics of breathing at exercise
DERVAP & EXercise = Extra / SSP IRO
D = Diaphragm
E = External Intercostal Muscles
R = Ribs
V = Volume
A = Air
P = Pressure
Inspiration:
D - Contracts HARDER
E - Contracts HARDER
R - Moves up and out FURTHER
V - Increases FURTHER
A - MORE moves in
P - Decreases further
S = Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
S = Scaleus
P = Pectoralis Minor
Expiration:
D - Relaxes MORE
E - Relaxes MORE
R - Moves down and in FURTHER
V - Decreases FURTHER
A - MORE moves out
P - Increases FURTHER
I = Internal Intercostal Muscles
R = Rectus Abdominals
O = Obliques
Bohr shift
Dcr TACO
Dcr = Dissociation curve shifts to the right
T = Temperature increases in blood and muscle tissue
A = Acidity increases in blood and muscle tissue
C = Carbon dioxide has a steeper diffusion gradient between muscle tissue and blood
O = Oxygen has a steeper diffusion gradient between blood and muscle
AFFINITY = Oxygen Affinity is reduced
Disadvantages to using Anabolic steroids
MAAD
M = Mood swings
A = Aggressive
A = Acne
D = Damage to liver / heart
Advantages to using Erythropoietin (EPO)
EPO
E = Endurance Increase (delay fatigue)
P = Performance Increase
O = O2 transport increase
Disadvantages to using Erythropoietin (EPO)
EPO = EPQ
EPO = Natural levels of EPO decrease
E = Extra blood (thicker)
P = Pressure Increases (due to clots - leads to heart failure)
Q = Cardiac Output Decreases
Advantages to using Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
FGH
F = Fat breakdown
G = Growth & Glucose
H = Healing
