MEMORY Coding, Capacity And Duration Of Short And Long Term Memory

Question 1

What is shirt term memory and long term memory

Answer 1

STM - limited capacity store

LTM - permanent store

Question 2

What’s coding

Answer 2

Process of converting info from one form to another

Question 3

What did Baddeley say

Answer 3

Immediate recall after hearing - acoustically similar worse - coding acoustic in STM

Recall after 20 mins - semantically similar worse - coding semantic in LTM

Question 4

How much info can STM hold

Answer 4

Jacobs - mean for digit span = 9.3 mean for letter span = 7.3

Miller - CAPACITY OF STM = 7 ITEMS

Question 5

What is chunking

Answer 5

Can recall 5 words as well as 5 letters

Question 6

How much info can LTM hold?

Answer 6

Unlimited

Question 7

How long can you hold STM

Answer 7

Peterson and Peterson - stm very short unless verbal rehearsed - 18-30 seconds

Question 8

How long can LTM hold for

Answer 8

High recall after several decades - up to a lifetime

Question 9

Limitation - STM coding may not be only acoustic

Answer 9

Visual codes also used in STM - Ps used visual coding if given visual task and prevented from doing verbal rehearsal

Further - LTM may not be exclusively semantic - re frost search - visual and semantic

Question 10

Limitation - capacity of STM may be more limited

Answer 10

Cowan - STM is likely to be about 4 chunks

Further - Simon - people has shorter memory for larger chunks than smaller

Question 11

Limitation - Meaningless stimuli in STM duration

Answer 11

P&P study used artificial stimulus material - doesn’t reflect real life memory activities memorise more meaningful things - lacks external validity

Counter - Psychologists study into LTM used real life meaningful memories providing higher external validity