Memory Flashcards
beta
wakeful, brain waves are rapid with frequent impulses of electrical activity
alpha
awake but relaxed-drowsy, slow breathing and irregular brain waves
theta
deep sleep, even slower and larger waves
delta
deepest sleep, brain waves become progressively slower, larger and more irregular
biological rhythms
a recurring, cyclical pattern of bodily changes
circadian rhythms
a biological rhythm that takes place over a period of about 24 hours
melatonin
wregulator of sleep-wake cycles and is stimulated by the darkness and inhibited by light
stage 1
a transitional phase that occurs between wakefulness and sleep, where we drift off to sleep
- a slowdown in rates of respiration and heartbeat
- decrease in muscle tension and core body temp
- Associated with both alpha and theta waves
stage 2
body goes to state of deep relaxation
Theta waves are interrupted by sleep spindles
stage 3 & 4
deep sleep or slow-wave sleep with low frequency and high amplitude of delta waves
Heart rate and respiration slow dramatically, it is much difficult to wake a person from sleep
stage 5 REM
dreaming occurs in this stage, sleep is characterized by darting movements of the eyes under closed eyelids
NREM
subdivided into four stages distinguished from each other and from wakefulness by characteristics patterns
causes of interrupted sleep
stress, depression, drug use, age, and culture
sleep rebound
a sleep-deprived person will fall asleep faster during subsequent opportunities for sleep
sleep debt
result of insufficient sleep on a chronic basis
theory of why we sleep
restorative theory
The function of sleep is to restore the body and mind from wear and tear that occurred
during awakeness.
theory of why we sleep
circadian theory
Sleep is an aspect of circadian rhythms regulated by neural mechanisms that are the product of evolution.
Sleep evolved to keep humans out of harms way during the night.
theory of dreaming
psychoanalytic
dreams are where the unconscious go
theory of dreaming
cognitive
helps with problem solving, and provides memory
theory of dreaming
biological
Brain stimulation may help develop & preserve neural pathways; restore brain proteins allowing for better learning & memory
sleepwalking
partial arousal from stage 4 sleep, not fully conscious
sleep terrors
a sense of panic, often accompanied by screams and attempts to escape from the environment
nightmares
occurs in REM sleep and remembered in full vivid detail
sleep talkers
usually mumbling of words and phrases that mean nothing
narcolepsy
chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain’s inability to regulate the sleep/wake cycles normally
sleep apnea
episodes in which the sleeper’s breathing stops can lead to high blood pressure, heart attacks, and strokes
insomnia
consistent difficulty in falling or staying asleep for atleast three nights a week over a month’s time
