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Dementia CNSweek4 > memory > Flashcards

memory Flashcards

1
Q

What is working memory

A

Collection of structures and processes used for temporarily storing and manipulating information

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2
Q

Where is acoustic information stored

A

Left hemisphere (Broca’s and Wernicke’s area)

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3
Q

Where is visual/spatial information stored

A

Right hemisphere (in visual cortex)

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4
Q

What is anterograde amnesia

A

Inability to form new memories which were formed after the brain injury

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5
Q

What is retrograde amnesia

A

Deficit in recall and recognition of facts and events experienced before the onset of brain damage

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6
Q

Where is procedural memory stored

A

Cerebellum

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7
Q

How can items enter long term memory

A

Only via short term memory according to the modal model

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8
Q

Where is procedural memory associated with

A

cerebellum

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9
Q

What damage did HM have

A

Medial temporal damage

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10
Q

What is working memory like in medial frontal lobe damage

A

Intact working memory
Normal digit span

Can remember numbers unless interrupted

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11
Q

What is procedural memory like with medial frontal damage

A

Intact procedural memory: can learn new motor tasks or can perform well on tasks such as

  • Moving object with a stylus
  • Drawing an image by tracing it on a mirror
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12
Q

What is episodic and semantic memory like for medial frontal lobe damage

A

Anterograde amnesia for it

  • cant recognise people just met
  • Difficulty with spatial orientation
  • Can copy figures but couldn’t recall it from visual memory
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13
Q

What is working memory like in medial temporal and frontal lobe damage

A

Impaired

Can process information for about 7 to 30 s in working memory on neuropsychological tasks

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14
Q

What is ability to form new procedural memories like in medial temporal and frontal lobe damage

A

Intact

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15
Q

What is episodic, and semantic memory like in medial temporal and frontal lobe damage

A

Unable to store new memories and can only remember very few facts from past so shows both anterograde and retrograde amnesia

Shows an autobiographical and semantic (factual) memory deficit; e.g. he knew he was a musician and conductor but couldn’t recall any concerts

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16
Q

Do procedural memories involve the hippocampus

A

No

17
Q

What is the length of storage of the Episodic memory system (what is an example of it)

A

Minutes to years

-Remembering a short story, what you had for dinner last night, birthday

18
Q

What type of awareness is Episodic memory

A

Explicit, declarative

19
Q

Length of storage of Semantic memory system

What is it

A

Minutes to years

Knowing the PMs during WW2, colour of an elephant, how a fork differs from a comb

20
Q

Length of storage of Procedural memory

What is it

A

Minutes to years

Driving a car with gears, learning sequence of numbers on a mobile without trying

21
Q

Length of storage of memory of Working memory and what is it

A

seconds to minutes

Phonologic: keeping a phone number in your head.
Spatial: mentally following a route in your mind

22
Q

What type of awareness is Semantic memory system

A

Explicit or implicit, declarative or non declarative

23
Q

What type of awareness is working memory system

A

Explicit, declarative

24
Q

Where is Semantic memory processed

A

Inferolateral temporal lobe

25
Q

What type of memory is affected in early stages of Dementia

A

Short term memory

Working memory

26
Q

What is long term memory loss experienced through as dementia progresses

A

Gradual fading of episodic, semantic as well as procedural memories

27
Q

What type of memory is affected in depression and anxiety disorders and why

A

Short term and working memory deficits (e.g. slow/facilitated recall due to effect of attentional bias to negative stimuli)

Long term memory might be affected in severe/chronic states of illness (retrieval failure due to effects of persistent low mood/anxiety’ distorted recall due to repressed traumatic memories

28
Q

What type of memory is affected with psychotic disorders like Schizophrenia

A

Short term memory
Working memory

Slow or distorted recall due to effects of psychosis

Long term impairments, especially in episodic and semantic memories

Dementia CNSweek4 (2 decks)

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