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PSYC 2301 > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Three steps to memorization

A

encoding: get information to brain
Storage: retain

Retrieval: Get it back.

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2
Q

Physiology of Memory (3 Sections)

A
  1. Sensory input via sense organs
    1. Identify senses via lobes
      3. Permanent Store
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3
Q

Sensory input via sense organs

A 
   a, optic-retina (rods and cones) 

     b. audition-cochlea (lining) 

     c. gustatory (taste buds) 

     d. tactile (skin membrane) 

     e. olfactory (nasal bulb)
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4
Q

Identify senses via lobes

A 
   a. optic-occipital 

     b. audition-temporal 

     c. gustatory-porietal  

     d. tactile-porietal 

     e. olfactory-amygdala in LymbicSystem
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5
Q

Characteristics of permanent Store

A 
   a. Hippocampus in Lymbic Systemprioritizes with emotions 

     b. Temporal Lobe-most long termstore in sounded-out order 

     c. Possible embellishment via imagryvia occipital store and linguistic cues
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6
Q

Types of Memory loss

A
  1. Recoding Failure-Disrupted incorporation ofinformation.
  2. Retention Failure-a physiological problem.
  3. Retrieval Failure-When you can not remember whatyou know.
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7
Q

Memory Disorders

A
  1. Amnesia-Blunt force trauma to head causesloss of data.
    1. Retrograde Amnesia-Blunt force trauma tohead (closed head injury) cause loss of data before blow to head.
    2. Korsokoff Syndrome-Severe memory loss anddementia-thiamine deficiency.
    3. Alzheimer’s Disease-Plaque accumulation results in neurofibular tangle:personality change, memory loss, death.
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8
Q

How we learn

A
  1. Spaced Practice is better than Massed.
  2. Rehearsal
    (a) Rote orMaintainance Rehearsal-Recitation
    (b)Elaborative Rehearsal-Imagry
  3. Overlearning-study beyond simple recall.
  4. Comprehend information so it can be paraphrased.
  5. Use mnemonic devices
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9
Q

Herman Ebbinghaus

A
  1. Father of Memory Theory-a pioneerof methodology.

2. Defined the forgettingcurve-order of memorability

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10
Q

Atkinson and Shriffen-Information ProcessingTheory

A
  1. Sensory Register-first identified data
    2. Short-Term Memory - “Working Memory”
  2. Long-TermMemory - vast and relatively permanent, enhanced by elaborative rehearsal.
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11
Q

Sir Cedric Bartlette

A
  1. Resynthesis Theory-Memory isreconstructive
    1. Inspired by Sir Alfred Baddelley-a. Also knighted by theQueen for achievements in Researchb.Said memory is inincomplete pieces for building explanations.
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12
Q

Memory Sensory Organs

Physiology of Memory

A 
   a, optic-retina (rods and cones) 

     b. audition-cochlea (lining) 

     c. gustatory (taste buds) 

     d. tactile (skin membrane) 

     e. olfactory (nasal bulb)
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13
Q

Identify senses via lobes

Physiology of Memory

A 
   a. optic-occipital 

     b. audition-temporal 

     c. gustatory-porietal  

     d. tactile-porietal 

     e. olfactory-amygdala in LymbicSystem
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14
Q

Permanent Store

Physiology of Memory

A

a. Hippocampus in Lymbic Systemprioritizes with emotions
b. Temporal Lobe-most long termstore in sounded-out order
c. Possible embellishment via imagryvia occipital store and linguistic cues

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15
Q

Characteristics of short-term memory

A
  • Volatileand interactive
  • Tiny– holding an average of seven units
  • Can be enhanced with chunking and role rehearsal.
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16
Q

C haracteristics of long-term memory

A
  • Vast
  • Relativelypermanent
  • Enhanced by elaborative rehearsal.
17
Q

Recall

A

Remember without a cue to help. (Fill in theblank)

18
Q

Recognition

A

Remember with a cue to help. (Multiple Choice)

19
Q

Information-processing approach tomemory

A
  • Sensoryinput received via organs. (Input into body)
  • Bodydeciphers the information. (Identify)
  • Memory stored into temporal lobe in sound out order.(Storage)
20
Q

Reconstructive memory

A

Memories can be distorted by informationencountered after an event has occurred.

21
Q

The function of schemas

A

Mental structures people use to organize theirknowledge effect what we notice, think about, interpret, and remember. Theyprovide a structure to interpret a situation; help relate new experiences toold ones. Drawback– sometimes distort reality.

22
Q

Causes of forgetting

A
  • Recoding Failure – Disrupted incorporation of information.
  • Retention Failure – Physiological problem.
  • Retrieval Failure – When you cannot remember what you know.
23
Q

Techniques for improving memory

A
  • Spacepractice out. (Do not cram)
  • Rehearsal.
  • Overlearn – Study beyond simple recall.
  • Comprehendinformation so it can be paraphrased.
  • Use mnemonic devices.

PSYC 2301 (5 decks)

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