Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Psych > memory > Flashcards

memory Flashcards

1
Q

memory

A

the persistence of learning over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

encoding

A

perceived information is transformed into a format that can be processed and stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

storage

A

retaining information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

retrieval

A

accessing and bringing stored information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

multi-store model

A

a three-part system that includes: Sensory Memory, Short-term Memory &
Long-term Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sensory memory

A

sensory information is stored for a very brief period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

iconic memory

A

briefly holds visual images

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

echoic memory

A

retains auditory information for 3-4 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

short-term memory

A

limited capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

long-term memory

A

stored indefinitely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

working memory

A

temporarily holding and manipulating information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

central executive

A

manages attention, coordinates other memory components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

phonological loop

A

processing and storing verbal and auditory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

visuospatial sketchpad

A

handles visual and spatial information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

long-term potentiation

A

major cellular mechanisms that underlie learning and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

effortful processing

A

requires active work and attention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

automatic processing

A

unconscious encoding of information about space, time, frequency, and well-learned tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

levels of processing model

A

the depth at which information is thought about affects how well it is remembered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

shallow encoding

A

focuses on surface characteristics of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

structural

A

type of shallow processing that focuses on the physical structure of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

phonemic

A

shallow processing that focuses on the auditory aspects of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

deep encoding

A

thoroughly processing information by focusing on its meaning and connecting it to existing knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

chunking

A

grouping individual pieces of information into larger, meaningful units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

categories

A

grouping related items together into categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
hierarchies
system of ranked categories or levels
26
mnemonics
used to improve memory. They help in recalling information by associating it with simple cues like patterns, vivid images, or rhymes
27
method of loci
associating items to be remembered with specific physical locations
28
explicit memories
conscious recall of facts and experiences
29
semantic memory
general facts and knowledge about the world
30
episodic memory
recollection of personal experiences and specific events
31
autobiographical memory
memory that encompasses events and experiences from an individual's own life
32
implicit memories
does not require conscious thought and is crucial for performing everyday tasks automatically
33
procedural memory
how to perform tasks or skills automatically
34
prospective memory
remembering to perform a planned action
35
cramming
learning over a short period with no breaks
36
spacing effect
learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out
37
maintenance rehearsal
repeatedly reviewing information
38
elaborative rehearsal
deep processing of information by adding meaning or connecting it to existing knowledge
39
retrieval cues
stimuli that help bring previously learned information to mind
40
recall
accessing information without the aid of cues
41
recognition
identifying information when it is presented
42
context-dependent memory
remember information better in the same environment where you first learned it
43
state-dependent memory
memory retrieval is most effective when an individual is in the same state of consciousness as they were when the memory was formed
44
mood-congruent memory
recall information that is consistent with one's current mood
45
serial position effect
tendency to remember items at the beginning and end of a list better than those in the middle
46
primacy effect
individuals tend to remember items presented at the beginning of a list
47
recency effect
the most recently presented items in a list are recalled more clearly
48
testing effect
retrieving the information through testing
49
metacognition
awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes
50
the forgetting curve
the rate at which memory fades over time
51
encoding failure
information does not enter long-term memory due to inadequate processing at the time of encoding
52
proactive interference
older memories inhibit the ability to learn and remember new information
53
retroactive interference
new learning impairs the recall of previously encoded information
54
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
individual feels confident that they know a word or a name, but cannot immediately recall it
55
anterograde amnesia
inability to form new memories following the onset of the amnesia
55
source amnesia
inability to remember where, when, or how previously learned information has been acquired
56
retrograde amnesia
loss of memories formed before the onset of amnesia
57
infantile amnesia
people cannot recall personal memories from the early years of life
58
alzheimers disease
progressive neurological disorder that leads to memory loss
59
repression
memories are unconsciously blocked from entering conscious awareness
60
constructive memory
process by which memories are not merely retrieved but actively constructed
61
misinformation effect
incorrect information influences how we remember past events

AP Psych (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions