memory Flashcards
what is APA
adapted physical activity for anyone that requires it. matches personal strengths and abilities with appropriate activities
what is the WHO definition of disability
a complex phenomenon reflecting an interaction between features of a person’s body and features of the society in which he or she lives.
what are the three aspects of disability
impairment
-the actual problem with body function
activity limitation
-difficulty encountered in performing tasks
participation restriction
-societal, architectural and social barriers to participation
can someone be impaired but not disabled?
yes. adaptation bridges this gap
what is the disability hierarchy of preference
the level of emotional reaction to an impairment based on
-visbility
-communication interference
-social stigma
-reversability
-functional difference
-responsibility
what was Martha’s vineyard
small community that had majority deaf population. sign language was a necessity there which eliminated disability despite presence of impairments
what is contact theory
theory to change attitude through increased contact
4 components
equal status
cooperation in common goals
personal interaction
supported by authority
what is persuasive communication theory
theory to change attitude through persuasion
direct -lectures, talks
indirect-simulation personal contact
what are social cognitive theories in the context of APA (2)
theories on how social interactions change the way people think
group dynamics theory - group effect in influencing attitudes towards impaired people
experiential and observational theory- changes from watching and doing
why does language matter in APA
communicates attitudes, beliefs and respect. Using appropriate language can make the difference in making someone feel welcomed and included
what are some of the problems and necessities of labeling
negative
-stigma
-stereotyping
-self fulfilling prophesies
needed
-communication of impairment
-funding
-treatment
-programs
-sports classification
what is the rights-based model
person first language
what is the UK social model
recognizes disability as socially constructed.
uses impairments to describe the difference in capabilities
what is the medical model
disability is treated as a problem needing fixing
focus on the body and its capabilities
what is the relational and experiential models
values the experiences and identity of the person.
combines both rights based and social model
ex. person who identifies as …
person who experiences disability
what is identity first model
focuses on how the disability is a valued part of an individual’s identity
opposite to rights based which only sees the disability as an aspect of a person.
opposite to medical model because it does not see disability as something to be fixed
what is the cultural linguistic model
example. Deaf community. establishing unique culture and language.
what is the relative isolation model of service delivery
it is a facilities based model where people who are deemed disabled are separated from the population and given special treatment.
this model is linked to past abuse and is not a popular system anymore.
use in some parasport organizations
Some choose these types of programs but no one should be forced.
what is the integration model of service delivery
the services based model created due to outrage of WWII veteran treatment and the principle of normalization which states that people with impairments have the right to live a life as close as possible to those without impairments.
what are the two types of integration
mainstreaming and LRE
what are the problems with mainstreaming
poor implementation
mainstreaming those with severe impairments too quickly
what is LRE
matches abilities with services. the idea is that as a person improves in readiness, they move towards an environment that provides less support
what are some problems with LRE
the prior environments may not increase a participant’s readiness.
moment rarely happens
legitimized segregation
what is inclusion model of service delivery
supports based model.
everyone is included
what is an adaptation
to modify to a person’s needs
why are adaptations needed
to make it possible for everyone to engage in a similar range of highly valued tasks
What is the ETA model
Ecological Task Analysis model of adaptations include modifications to the task, environment and person
What is included in the adaptations checklist
Participant involved in making adaption?
how much impact will adaptation have?
accepted by participant or others?
maintain integrity of activity?
age appropriate?
safe?
realistic?
