Memory Flashcards
What is the multi-store model of memory?
Stimulus —> SR —> (Attention) —> STM (Maintenance rehearsal) —> (Prolonged rehearsal) LTM —> (Retrieval) STM
What is Sperling’s study (capacity and duration of SR)?
Sperling’s research demonstrates that whilst we are able to experience a large amount of information at any given moment (large capacity), there is a very short time period of a fraction of a second (duration) before unattended information is removed from our Sensory Memory register.
What is Baddeley’s study (coding in STM and LTM)?
Conclusion: The fact that we mix up words that sound similar when using STM suggests that this store codes acoustically. The fact that we mix up words that have similar meaning when we use our LTMS shows that coding in LTM is semantic. This can be used to support the MSMs view that these two memory stores are separate and independent.
What is Miller’s study (capacity of STM)?
The span of STM is about 7 items (7+/-2). Organising stimulus input into ‘chunks’ enabled STM to cope with about 7 chunks of information and this is why more than 7 digits, words could be remembered successfully. For example, when trying to remember a telephone number, for example 0767.819…45…34, we only need to remember 4 chunk of information and not 11 individual digits.
What is P&P’s study (duration of STM)?
This tells us that STM has a limited duration of approximately 18 seconds. Furthermore, if we are unable to rehearse information, it will not be passed to LTM, providing further support for the MSM and the idea of two separate components (STM and LTM).
