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N110 Neurobiology > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

Leon Lecture 1

1
Q

What do humans remember?

A

Human faces
Human interactions
Surprising events
Emotional events
Interesting things
Processed information
Repeated information

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2
Q

What will happen if the ability to recognize human faces is damaged?

A

you can only recognize the individual parts (nose, lips) but not the entire face

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3
Q

What is an example of human interactions?

A

gossip

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4
Q

What is an example of surprising events?

A

N?A

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5
Q

What is an example of emotional events?

A

Marriage/Divorce

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6
Q

What is an example of interesting events?

A

kim k ?

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7
Q

What is an example of processed information?

A

take a test, you will remember the questions you got wrong

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8
Q

What is an example of repeated information?

A

…

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9
Q

The brain filters the information because?

A

To remember only the important things

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10
Q

What are the two kinds of memory?

A

Short-term and Long-term memory

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11
Q

What is Short-term memory?

A

you repeat it over and over (studying) -> rehearsing it

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12
Q

What is an example of Short-term memory?

A

phone number, you remember long enough to dial it

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13
Q

What is Long-term memory?

A

Brain decides whether the information is important to remember

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14
Q

What is an example of Long-term memory?

A

Knowing the names of friends and family

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15
Q

What is the process of going from Short-term memory to Long-term memory?

A

Consolidation

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16
Q

What is Consolidation?

A

The brain decides its important to remember

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17
Q

What is the problem with Consolidation?

A

It can “say” its not important…. you trick your brain that it is

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18
Q

Who is S?

A

Editor that remembered everything

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19
Q

S appeared to have a ____ memory

A

limitless

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20
Q

All of S’ information went into his ___ ____ memory

A

long-term

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21
Q

What does S’ brain suggest?

A

The human brain is capable of remembering everything

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22
Q

What was S’ limitless memory due to an extraordinary brain or to a damaged brain?

A

a damaged brain

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23
Q

Your brain ____ unimportant information

A

filters

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24
Q

Are experiences easy to remember?

A

Yes

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25
Q

Are videos easy to remember?

A

Yes, because they mimic real experiences (real world)

26
Q

What are some things that are difficult to remember?

A

Readings and lectures

27
Q

Why are reading and listening difficult to remember?

A

Lectures: read, write, listen _> Multitasking: we are bad at this
cant pay attention to more than 1 thing at a time

28
Q

What is required for consoliation?

A

Focused attention, eliminate distractions

29
Q

After you review the material, try to replicate it either _____ or ____. Repeat. you fool your brain

A

verbally or in written form

30
Q

Rereading is the most used strategy…

A

84%

31
Q

Only 1% reported practicing ____ as their #1

A

recall (self-testing)
Repeat testing is what works

32
Q

What is the best study?

A

repeat testing

33
Q

What is PTSD?

A

big emotional event accompanying the events

34
Q

Memory improves with an emotional response or

A

norepinephrine

35
Q

Tells the brain its important to remember this emotional event

A

norepinephrine

36
Q

Sometimes memory for a traumatic event is too strong:

A

post traumatic stress disorder

37
Q

Soldiers are often taking norepinephrine stimulants (____), which may increase their PTSD risk

A

Adderall

mimics norepinephrine
“double shot” drills in the info

38
Q

You can block bad memories by blocking

A

norepinephrine beta receptors

39
Q

___ prevents the mems to continuing to disturb you

A

blocker

40
Q

Recalled long-term memories must be ____, allowing you to erase them with beta blcokers.

A

reconsolidated

41
Q

What is a remarkable autobiographical memory?

A

You know everything about yourself.. can recall things

42
Q

What are savants?

A

Combination of limited mental abilities and extraordinary memories

43
Q

What do savants have?

A

low cognitive ability

44
Q

What is Retrograde amnesia?

A

Can’t remember past memories

45
Q

What kind of memory is this?? Forget all those things that already happened

A

Retrograde amnesia

46
Q

What kind of memory is this? Can’t form new memories

A

Anterograde amnesia

47
Q

What is Global amnesia known as?

A

Dementia

48
Q

What kind of memory loss is this? both kinds of memory loss

A

Global amnesia (dementia)

49
Q

What are two kinds of memory loss?

A

Retrograde amnesia and Anterograde amnesia

50
Q

What kind of example is memory impairment?

A

Amnesia

51
Q

H.M had his ______ removed and developed ____ ____

A

hippocampus; anterograde amnesia

52
Q

What happened to H.M?

A

He had many seizures

53
Q

What are seizures?

A

Happens when many neurons fire

54
Q

When H.M. removed his hippocampus, what happened?

A

It got rid of the seizures but could no longer make new memories

55
Q

Hippocampus damage produces a memory deficit for ___ ___

A

new facts

56
Q

The hippocampus is ____ the site of long-term memory

A

NOT

57
Q

What is not needed for short-term memory?

A

Hippocampus

58
Q

What is the Hippocampus needed for?

A

Needed to convert short-term to long-term memory (Consolidation)

59
Q

What is the Hippocampus required for?? Its for new memories of ____, not for other forms of memory.

A

facts

60
Q

Why do London taxicab drivers have an enlarged hippocampus?

A

They studied the streets of London for years. The repetitive testing made this become long-term memory. So the hippocampus got larger.

61
Q

If you practice repetitive testing often, what will happen?

A

The brain will be more capable, this will change the way your brain works.

N110 Neurobiology (4 decks)

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