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Psychology Paper 1 > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two key features of the multistore model of memory?

A

Memory consists of a number of separate stores
Memories are processed in a sequential manner (flows)

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2
Q

What are the stores that make up the multistore model of memory?

A

Sensory register
Short term memory
Long term memory

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3
Q

According to the multistore model of memory, how does information go from short term to long term?

A

Prolonged rehearsal

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4
Q

According to the multistore model of memory, how does information remain in short term memory?

A

Maintenance rehearsal

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5
Q

What is the definition of capacity in memory?

A

How much information can be stored

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6
Q

What is the definition of coding in memory?

A

The form the information is stored in (Semantically, visually, acoustically)

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7
Q

What is the definition of duration in memory?

A

How long the information can be stored for

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8
Q

What is the role of the sensory register in the multistore model of memory?

A

To act as an automatic response to sensory information in the environment

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9
Q

What coding is used in the sensory register in the multistore model of memory?

A

Dependent on the way the information is received; if it is:
Echoic (sound)
Iconic (visual)
Haptic (touch)

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10
Q

What capacity is in the sensory register in the multistore model of memory?

A

Very large and in a detailed form

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11
Q

What is the duration of the sensory register in the multistore model of memory?

A

Less than half a second

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12
Q

What is the role of the short term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

A temporary store to hold information that you are currently working on or paying attention to

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13
Q

What coding is used in the short term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

Mainly acoustic (sound)

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14
Q

What is the capacity of the short term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

Limited to only 5-9 pieces of information at any one time

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15
Q

What is the duration of the short term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

15-30 seconds

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16
Q

What kind of store is the long term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

A permanent store

17
Q

What coding is used in the long term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

Semantic (based on meaning)

18
Q

What is the capacity of the long term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

Unlimited

19
Q

What is the duration of the long term memory store in the multistore model of memory?

A

Life span

20
Q

What are the three types of long term memory?

A

Procedural
Episodic
Semantic

21
Q

According to long term memory, what memories go into the procedural store?

A

Memory of actions/skills/how to do something

22
Q

According to long term memory, what memories go into the episodic store?

A

Memory of personal events

23
Q

According to long term memory, what memories go into the semantic store?

A

Memory of knowledge/facts

24
Q

According to long term memory, which of the three stores are time stamped?

A

Episodic

25
Q

According to long term memory, which of the three stores do not require conscious effort to recall?

A

Procedural

26
Q

According to long term memory, which of the three sores is nondeclarative?

A

Procedural

27
Q

What are the two theories in explanations of forgetting?

A

Retrieval failure theory
Interference theory

28
Q

What are the two cues in retrieval failure theory as an explanation of forgetting?

A

Context dependent
State dependent

29
Q

What is a context dependent cue in retrieval failure theory?

A

The environment at coding needs to be the same at recall, if it is different then recall failure occurs

30
Q

What is a state dependent cue in retrieval failure theory?

A

Individual’s mood at encoding needs to be the same at recall, if it is different then recall failure occurs

31
Q

What is Tulving’s encoding specificity principle in retrieval failure theory?

A

Cues in learning must be present at recall for accurate recall to occur/to be able to recall at all

32
Q

What is retrieval failure theory as an explanation for forgetting?

A

Cues present when you encoded the information but are not present at recall, so recall is not accurate/doesn’t occur correctly

33
Q

What is interference theory as an explanation for forgetting?

A

Recall of information is disrupted by similar information - which is more common if the two memories are similar

34
Q

What are the two forms of interference in interference theory?

A

Proactive
Retroactive

35
Q

What is proactive interference in interference theory?

A

Information that has been stored previously disrupts the ability to recall something new
(Old information impacts new)

36
Q

What is retroactive interference in interference theory?

A

Information from something new disrupts the ability to recall something old
(New information impacts old)

Psychology Paper 1 (4 decks)

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