Memory

Question 1

Transforming information into a form that can be entered and retained in the memory system

Answer 1

Encoding

Question 2

Retaining information in memory so that it can be used at a later time

Answer 2

Storage

Question 3

Recovering information stored in memory so that we are consciously aware of it

Answer 3

Retrieval

Question 4

Its function is to process for basic physical characteristics

Answer 4

Sensory memory

Question 5

What is the capacity of sensory memory?

Answer 5

Large – can hold many items at once

Question 6

What are the two types of sensory memory?

Answer 6

Iconic memory – visual information
Echoic memory – auditory information

Question 7

What is needed to transfer information to working memory

Answer 7

Attention

Question 8

A brief memory of an image or icon. Also called iconic memory.

Answer 8

Visual sensory memory

Question 9

Brief memory of a sound or echo. Also called echoic memory.

Answer 9

Auditory sensory memory

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE

Auditory sensory memories MAY NOT LAST A BIT LONGER than visual sensory memories

Answer 10

False - Auditory sensory memory MAY last a bit longer than visual sensory memory

Question 11

Its function is to focus on conscious processing of information

Answer 11

Short+term memory

Question 12

What is the capacity of short-term memory?

Answer 12

Limited - 7+/-2 items

Question 13

TRUE OR FALSE

Verbal or mental repetition of information allows info to remain in working memory longer than the usual

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

It is the grouping of small bits of information into larger units of information

Answer 14

Chunking

Question 15

Once information passes from sensory to working memory, it can be encoded into ____

Answer 15

Long term memory

Question 16

It organizes and stores information with unlimited capacity

Answer 16

Long Term memory

Question 17

The unconscious encoding of information

Answer 17

Automatic processing

Question 18

Requires attention and conscious effort

Answer 18

Effortful processing

Question 19

Memory with awareness, also called as declarative memory

Answer 19

Explicit memory

Question 20

Memory without awareness, also called nondeclarative memory

Answer 20

Implicit memory

Question 21

Information about events or episodes

Answer 21

Episodic information

Question 22

Information about fact, general knowledge

Answer 22

Semantic information

Question 23

Memory that enables you to perform specific learned skills or habitual responses

Answer 23

Procedural memory

Question 24

Organizing items into related groups during recall from long term memory

Answer 24

Clustering

Question 25

The process of accessing stored info

Answer 25

Retrieval

Question 26

Test of LTM that involves retrieving memories w/out cues, also termed free recall

Answer 26

Recall

Question 27

Involves remembering an item to a retrieval cue

Answer 27

Cued recall

Question 28

Involves identifying correct info from a series of possible choices

Answer 28

Recognition

Question 29

Tendency to remember items at the beginning and end

Answer 29

Serial position effect

Question 30

Environmental cues to recall

Answer 30

Context effects

Question 31

Physical, internal factors

Answer 31

State dependent retrieval

Question 32

Factors related to mood or emotions

Answer 32

Mood congruence

Question 33

Recall of very specific images or details about vivid, rare, significant event

Answer 33

Flashbulb memories

Question 34

Caused by one memory competing with or replacing another memory

Answer 34

Interference

Question 35

When a memory interferes remembering old information

Answer 35

Retroactive interference

Question 36

When an old memory interferes with remembering new information

Answer 36

Proactive interference

Question 37

Undesired memory is held back from awareness

Answer 37

Motivated forgetting

Question 38

Fades or decay gradually if unused

Answer 38

Decay theories

Question 39

Severe memory lost

Answer 39

Amnesia

Question 40

Inability to remember past episodic information

Answer 40

Retrograde amnesia

Question 41

Inability to form new memories

Answer 41

Anterograde amnesia