Memory Flashcards
Memory
an individual’s ability to store, retain, and recall information
Processing
the operations performed on sensory information in the brain
Input
the process of data entry
Encoding
the process in which data is converted into another format
Storage
the process in which information is held and ready to be used later
Retrieval
the process in which the information is located and taken out of storage
Output
the process of using data after it has been retrieved
Acoustic encoding
the process of storing sound information in our memory system
Visual encoding
the process of storing what can be seen in our memory system
Semantic encoding
the process of storing the meaning of information in our memory system, rather than the sound of words
Short term memory
initial memory stored that is temporary and limited
Long term memory
a memory store that holds potentially infinite amounts of information up to a lifetime
Duration
the length of time information can be stored in short term memory and long term memory
Capacity
the amount of information that can be stored in short term memory and long term memory
Rehearsal
mental repetition of incoming information
Sensory register
immediate memory of sensory information
Iconic memory
the sensory register of visual information that lasts around 1 second before visual information decays
Echoic memory
the sensory register of sound information that lasts for a few seconds before sound information decays
Trigram
a set of three letters that makes a meaningless string of letters rather than a word
Modality free
not linked to a specific type of sensory information
Primary
the tendency to recall words at the beginning of the list when asked to remember it
Recency
the tendency to recall words at the end of a list when asked to remember it
Displacement
when the short term memory becomes full and new information pushes out older information
Interference
when the new information overwrites older information
Attention
focus on certain sensory information
