MEMORY Flashcards
Suppose you want to study the relationship between stress and academic performance among college students. You measure their stress levels by using a questionnaire and their academic performance using their GPA. You then calculate the correlation coefficient between these two variables.
What type of research method are you using?
a) Experimental
b) Correlational
c) Descriptive
d) Qualitative
b) Correlational
What is the difference between recall and recognition tasks?
a) In recall, a person produces an item from memory; in recognition, a person identifies an item as being familiar
b) In recall, a person identifies an item as being familiar; in recognition, a person produces an item from memory
c) In recall, a person remembers arbitrary information; in recognition, a person remembers meaningful information
d) In recall, a person remembers meaningful information; in recognition, a person remembers arbitrary information
a) In recall, a person produces an item from memory; in recognition, a person identifies an item as being familiar
Which of the following research methods would be best for studying how people think in everyday situations?
a) Self-reports
b) Case studies
c) Naturalistic observations
d) Psychobiological studies
c) Naturalistic observations
Which of the following models of memory is the most recent?
a) Traditional Model
b) Levels-of-Processing Model
c) Integrative Model
d) None of the above
c) Integrative Model
What does the correlation coefficient tell you about the relationship between two variables?
a) The cause and effect of the relationship
b) The direction and strength of the relationship
c) The frequency and duration of the relationship
d) The validity and reliability of the relationship
b) The direction and strength of the relationship
What type of recall task is most likely to be affected by interference from other items?
a) Serial recall
b) Free recall
c) Cued recall
d) Recognition
a) Serial recall
You are trying to remember a phone number that someone just told you. Which storage area of memory are you using?
a) Sensory memory
b) Short-term memory
c) Long-term memory
d) Working memory
b) Short-term memory
You are in a car accident and you lose your memory of what happened before the crash. Which type of amnesia do you have?
a) Retrograde amnesia
b) Anterograde amnesia
c) Transient global amnesia
d) Post-traumatic amnesia
a) Retrograde amnesia
You are watching a movie and you remember the name of the actor who plays the main character. Which type of explicit memory are you using?
a) Semantic memory
b) Episodic memory
c) Procedural memory
d) None of the above
a) Semantic memory
You are a psychobiological researcher and you want to study how brain damage affects memory. You have access to the brain scans of a patient who suffered a stroke and lost his ability to form new memories. Which of the following techniques would you use to analyze his brain?
a) Techniques for studying an individual’s brain postmortem
b) Techniques for studying images showing structures of or activities in the brain of an individual who is known to have a particular cognitive deficit
c) Techniques for obtaining information about cerebral processes during the normal performance of a cognitive activity
b) Techniques for studying images showing structures of or activities in the brain of an individual who is known to have a particular cognitive deficit
Which of the following research methods is an in-depth study of an individual or a small group of individuals?
a) Self-reports
b) Case studies
c) Naturalistic observation
d) Psychobiological studies
b) Case studies
What is the difference between early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease?
a) Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease occurs before 50 years of age; late- onset Alzheimer’s disease occurs after 65 years of age
b) Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease is linked to a genetic mutation; late- onset Alzheimer’s disease is not
c) Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease affects episodic memory; late-onset Alzheimer’s disease affects semantic memory
d) Both a and b
(NOT SURE)
d) Both a and b
You are studying for an exam and you want to encode the information in your memory. What should you do?
a) Repeat the information over and over
b) Relate the information to something you already know
c) Write the information down on a paper
d) Highlight the important parts of the information
b) Relate the information to something you already know
Which areas of the brain are involved in explicit memory storage?
a) Hippocampus, neocortex, and amygdala
b) Basal ganglia and cerebellum
c) Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
d) Neocortex and basal ganglia
a) Hippocampus, neocortex, and amygdala
What is the main difference between the Levels-of-Processing Model and the Traditional Model of memory?
a) The Levels-of-Processing Model focuses on how information is encoded; the Traditional Model focuses on how information is stored
b) The Levels-of-Processing Model focuses on how information is stored; the Traditional Model focuses on how information is encoded
c) The Levels-of-Processing Model assumes that memory varies along a continuous dimension; the
Traditional Model assumes that memory comprises three separate stores
c) The Levels-of-Processing Model assumes that memory varies along a continuous dimension; the
Traditional Model assumes that memory comprises three separate stores
You are taking a history test and you have to write down the names of the presidents of the United States in chronological order. Which type of recall task are you performing?
a) Serial recall
b) Free recall
c) Cued recall
d) Recognition
a) Serial recall
