Memory Flashcards
Memory processes
Registration, encoding, consolidation,storage, retrieval, re-encoding
Amnesia
Abnormal mental state in which memory and learning are effected out of all proportion to other cognitive functions in an other herwise alert and responsive patient.
Ethology of amnesia
Herpes encephalitis( Clive), korsakoff syndrome, severe hypoxia, vascular disorders, head injury, dementia, transient global amnesia (fugue state)
Temporal extent of amnesia
Retrograde amnesia ← → anterograde amnesia (current date) both period of deficits.
Temporal gradient in amnesia
A gradient in memory loss in which recent memories are affected to a greater degree than more remote memories.
Recent memories tend to be more affected than remote memories.
→ robots law
→ first in last out (childhood memories)
→ progressive memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease
Patient h.m
Memory impairments: graded retrograde amnesia(ribot law), global anterograde amnesia, impaired long term memory.
Spared memory abilities: short term memory, motor learning, priming.
Types of memory: sensory memory.
Short term memory: sensory memory → iconic memory → echo memory
Short term / working memory: visuosputial sketchpad, phonological loop, central executive.
STM = maintenance; holding something for second up to minutes
Wm = manipulation of information in STM
Long term memory
→ explicit memory (conscious); intentional recollection of previous experience, declarative, fact, memory, knowing what
→ implicit memory ( unconscious); non-intention form of memory, non-declarative, skill, habit, knowing how.
Ltm: explicit memory
Episodic memory: which is personally experienced, conscious awareness of the self in time and place, can recollect details of event, autobiographical memory, wedding day.
Semantic memory: facts about the world, lacks context, the effect tower is in Paris1 Guyana is in South America.
Implicit memory
→ memory without awareness
→ priming: fragment completion, primary sensory cortex
→ procedural memory: mirror writing, striate.
