Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology test 3 > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Encoding

A

transforms info into form that can be stored in memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Storage

A

maintains info in memory across time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Retrieval

A

brings stored memory to mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

“Baker/baker” and “Farmer/farmer” paradox

A

easier to associate baker the profession than the name because we can easily picture a baker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sensory memory (multi-store model)

A
  • cognitive control; automatic response

- iconic, echoic and haptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Iconic (sensory memory)

A

(fast decaying) store of visual info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Echoic (sensory memory)

A

(fast decaying) auditory info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Haptic (sensory memory)

A

touch stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Short term memory (multi-store model)

A

chunking and working memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chunking (STM)

A

chunking numbers into groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Working memory (STM)

A
  • activate maintenance of info; 3 basic stores + 1 buffer

- central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad and multimodal episodic buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Central executive (working memory)

A

attention sensory store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phonological loop (working memory)

A

auditory process (repeating # multiple times)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Visuospatial sketchpad (working memory)

A

stores visual (imagining images) and spatial info (judging distances)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Multimodal episodic buffer (working memory)

A

visual, spatial, verbal info and chronological ordering (remembering movie scene)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Long term memory (multi-store model)

A

capacity is immeasurably large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prospective (LTM)

A

content to be remembered is in the past

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Retrospective (LTM)

A
  • content to be remembered is in the future

- non-declarative/implicit and declarative/explicit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Non-declarative/implicit (retrospective)

A
  • not based on conscious recall of info

- procedural memory, conditioned reflex, emotional conditioning and priming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Procedural memory (non-declarative/implicit)

A

motor skills (rinding a bike)

21
Q

Conditioned reflex (non-declarative/implicit)

A

classical and operant conditioning

22
Q

Emotional conditioning (non-declarative/implicit)

A

phobia, nausea, anger, etc

23
Q

Priming (non-declarative/implicit)

A

environmental cues that unconsciously play a role is one’s decision making

24
Q

Declarative/explicit (retrospective)

A
  • requires conscious recall

- semantic and episodic

25
Q

Semantic (declarative/explicit)

A

principles and facts

26
Q

Episodic (declarative/explicit)

A

specific particular context (time and place), personal memories; “firsts” in life

27
Q

Types of memory

A

-recognition, recall, flashbulb and panoramic

28
Q

Recognition (type of memory)

A

multiple-choice questions

29
Q

Recall (type of memory)

A

essay questions (require to retrieve learned info)

30
Q

Flashbulb (type of memory)

A

clear episodic memories of unique and highly emotional events

31
Q

Panoramic (type of memory)

A

rapidly sees much or totality of their life in chronological sequence and detail, life “flashing before their eyes”

32
Q

Physiology - hippocampus

A
  • special learning and declarative memory
  • retrograde amnesia (result from damage to hippocampus): loss of memory for event that occurred shortly before time of brain damage
33
Q

Memory disorders

Not memory disorders

A
  • repression, anterograde vs. retrograde and Ribot’s law

- eidetic memory, absentmindedness and tip-of-the-tongue

34
Q

Repression (memory disorder)

A

dissociative amnesia (no recollection of being sexually abused as a child)

35
Q

Anterograde vs. retrograde (memory disorder)

A
  • anterograde: memory loss of events following an injury

- retrograde: memory loss of events that happened shortly before loss of consciousness

36
Q

Ribot’s law (memory disorder)

A
  • older memories somehow strengthen

- recent memories are more likely to be lost

37
Q

Eidetic memory (NOT a memory disorder)

A

occurs in children, photographic memory

38
Q

Absentmindedness (NOT a memory disorder)

A

encoding failure, memory failure due to lack of attention (remembering details on coin)

39
Q

Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon (NOT a memory disorder)

A

temporary failure to retrieve a word from memory that one knows

  • temporary retrieval failure: not enough retrieval cues to prompt remembering
  • retrieval cues: mental reminders by forming vivid mental images or associating new info with others
40
Q

Factors that influence memory

A

-levels of processing, serial position effect, doorway effect, decay (transience), interference and context

41
Q

Levels of processing (factors that influence memory)

A
  • visual (structure): recognition of patterns of letters
  • acoustic (sound): sounds (rhyming)
  • aemantic (concept): meaning (tool = instrument)
  • emotional (personal connection): the deepest, likes and dislikes
42
Q

Serial position effect (factors that influence memory)

A
  • primacy effect: recall items at the beginning

- recency effect: recall items at the end

43
Q

Doorway effect (factors that influence memory)

A

arriving somewhere and forgetting what you went there to do

44
Q

Decay/transience (factors that influence memory)

A

memories that are not used get weaker with time

45
Q

Interference (factors that influence memory)

A
  • proactive: info stored before a memory blocks someone’s ability to remember
  • retroactive: info stores after a memory blocks someone’s ability to remember
46
Q

Context (factors that influence memory)

A

mood congruence effect; happy people remember happy memories, sad people remember sad memories

47
Q

Memory as reconstruction

A

-misinformation effect (lotus) and imagination inflation

48
Q

Misinformation effect (lotus) (memory as reconstruction)

A

false info received by subject after they’ve received correct info which can distort their understanding

49
Q

Imagination inflation (memory as reconstruction)

A

had falsely claimed to see an item or done an action when it was only imagined

Psychology test 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions